Longitudinal study of chronic sarcoidosis with low-dose maintenance corticosteroid therapy. Outcome and complications.

A series of 181 patients with chronic persistent sarcoidosis for more than 5 years have been reviewed, with a mean follow-up period of 14 years, and 77% followed for more than 10 years. Efforts to identify more white patients meeting the criteria of such persistent disease were unsuccessful. Seventy-eight percent were black, and 69% were women. Pulmonary disease was the major manifestation in 70% and was present in 88%. The early major disease feature predicts the nature of the long-term manifestation in 94%. Ninety-four percent were treated with prednisone, with 63% for more than 5 years. Fifty-three percent required continued treatment, and of those receiving continued treatment, 91% were maintained on doses of no more than 15 mg daily and 65% on no more than 10 mg of prednisone daily. Relapses were frequent as prednisone was withdrawn, occurring at least once in 75% and several times in 51%. Low-dose prednisone treatment with 5-15 mg daily provides significant benefit. A mean treatment period of 8 years was observed (range: 10 days to 24 years). The benefits of treatment greatly exceed the infrequent complications. In Baltimore, chronic sarcoidosis with persistent disease seems to be more frequently encountered in black patients than in white patients.