Xiaoe Lang1, Qinqin Liu2, Hanliu Fang2, Yongjie Zhou3, Mattew T Forster4, Zezhi Li5, Xiangyang Zhang6,7. 1. Department of Psychiatry, The First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. 2. Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. 3. Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. 4. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA. 5. Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou, 510370, China. biolpsychiatry@126.com. 6. Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou, 510370, China. zhangxy@psych.ac.cn. 7. CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, 100101, Beijing, China. zhangxy@psych.ac.cn.
Abstract
RATIONALE: Although metabolic abnormalities and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have been extensively investigated in schizophrenia, few studies have examined them in first-episode drug-naive (FEDN) patients. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinical correlates of metabolic abnormalities in FEDN schizophrenia patients. METHODS: A total of 430 FEDN schizophrenia patients and 453 controls were recruited. Various parameters were measured including BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, lipid profiles, blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). RESULTS: Patients had a higher prevalence of MetS, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, hypo-HDL-C, elevated HAb1c, and elevated insulin than controls (19.1% vs. 6.6%, OR = 2.52; 33.3% vs. 12.1%, OR = 3.05; 30.5% vs. 16.1%, OR = 2.25; 43.1% vs. 24.0%, OR = 2.21; 25.6% vs. 10.8%, OR = 2.62; 9.1% vs. 0.9%, OR = 10.29; all pBonferroni < 0.001). Waist circumference was associated with PANSS general psychopathology and total score (correlation coefficient r = 0.17, pBonferroni < 0.001; correlation coefficient r = 0.16, pBonferroni = 0.004). Fasting glucose was associated with PANSS negative, general psychopathology, and total score (correlation coefficient r = 0.13, pBonferroni = 0.03; correlation coefficient r = 0.19, pBonferroni < 0.001; correlation coefficient r = 0.20, pBonferroni < 0.001). BMI (OR = 1.37), smoking (OR = 3.39), and HOMA-IR (OR = 5.60) were associated with MetS in FEDN schizophrenia (all p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that MetS and metabolic abnormalities co-existed in the early stages of schizophrenia without antipsychotics. Waist circumference and glucose were associated with psychopathological symptoms, while BMI, smoking, and HOMA-IR were associated with MetS in FEDN schizophrenia.
RATIONALE: Although metabolic abnormalities and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have been extensively investigated in schizophrenia, few studies have examined them in first-episode drug-naive (FEDN) patients. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinical correlates of metabolic abnormalities in FEDN schizophrenia patients. METHODS: A total of 430 FEDN schizophrenia patients and 453 controls were recruited. Various parameters were measured including BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, lipid profiles, blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). RESULTS: Patients had a higher prevalence of MetS, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, hypo-HDL-C, elevated HAb1c, and elevated insulin than controls (19.1% vs. 6.6%, OR = 2.52; 33.3% vs. 12.1%, OR = 3.05; 30.5% vs. 16.1%, OR = 2.25; 43.1% vs. 24.0%, OR = 2.21; 25.6% vs. 10.8%, OR = 2.62; 9.1% vs. 0.9%, OR = 10.29; all pBonferroni < 0.001). Waist circumference was associated with PANSS general psychopathology and total score (correlation coefficient r = 0.17, pBonferroni < 0.001; correlation coefficient r = 0.16, pBonferroni = 0.004). Fasting glucose was associated with PANSS negative, general psychopathology, and total score (correlation coefficient r = 0.13, pBonferroni = 0.03; correlation coefficient r = 0.19, pBonferroni < 0.001; correlation coefficient r = 0.20, pBonferroni < 0.001). BMI (OR = 1.37), smoking (OR = 3.39), and HOMA-IR (OR = 5.60) were associated with MetS in FEDN schizophrenia (all p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that MetS and metabolic abnormalities co-existed in the early stages of schizophrenia without antipsychotics. Waist circumference and glucose were associated with psychopathological symptoms, while BMI, smoking, and HOMA-IR were associated with MetS in FEDN schizophrenia.
Authors: Marc A De Hert; Ruud van Winkel; Dominique Van Eyck; Linda Hanssens; Martien Wampers; Andre Scheen; Joseph Peuskens Journal: Schizophr Res Date: 2006-02-14 Impact factor: 4.939
Authors: Ole A Andreassen; Srdjan Djurovic; Wesley K Thompson; Andrew J Schork; Kenneth S Kendler; Michael C O'Donovan; Dan Rujescu; Thomas Werge; Martijn van de Bunt; Andrew P Morris; Mark I McCarthy; J Cooper Roddey; Linda K McEvoy; Rahul S Desikan; Anders M Dale Journal: Am J Hum Genet Date: 2013-01-31 Impact factor: 11.025