Jeffrey N Browndyke1, Mary C Wright2, Rosa Yang3, Ayesha Syed4, John Park5, Ashley Hall2, Katherine Martucci6, Michael J Devinney2, Leslie Shaw7, Teresa Waligorska7, Eugene W Moretti2, Heather E Whitson8, Harvey J Cohen8, Joseph P Mathew2, Miles Berger9. 1. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Medicine, Division of Behavioural Medicine & Neurosciences, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, NC, USA; Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Brain Imaging and Analysis Centre, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Durham, NC, USA. Electronic address: j.browndyke@duke.edu. 2. Department of Anaesthesiology, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, NC, USA. 3. Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA. 4. Department of Anaesthesiology, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, NC, USA; Trinity College, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. 5. Department of Anaesthesiology, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, NC, USA; Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA. 6. Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Anaesthesiology, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, NC, USA. 7. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 8. Centre for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, NC, USA. 9. Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Anaesthesiology, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, NC, USA; Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Centre for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, NC, USA. Electronic address: miles.berger@duke.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cognitive dysfunction after surgery is a major issue in older adults. Here, we determined the effect of APOE4 on perioperative neurocognitive function in older patients. METHODS: We enrolled 140 English-speaking patients ≥60 yr old scheduled for noncardiac surgery under general anaesthesia in an observational cohort study, of whom 52 underwent neuroimaging. We measured cognition; Aβ, tau, p-tau levels in CSF; and resting-state intrinsic functional connectivity in six Alzheimer's disease-risk regions before and 6 weeks after surgery. RESULTS: There were no significant APOE4-related differences in cognition or CSF biomarkers, except APOE4 carriers had lower CSF Aβ levels than non-carriers (preoperative median CSF Aβ [median absolute deviation], APOE4 305 pg ml-1 [65] vs 378 pg ml-1 [38], respectively; P=0.001). Controlling for age, APOE4 carriers had significantly greater preoperative functional connectivity than non-carriers between several brain regions implicated in Alzheimer's disease, including between the left posterior cingulate cortex and left angular gyrus (β [95% confidence interval, CI], 0.218 [0.137-0.230]; PFWE=0.016). APOE4 carriers, but not non-carriers, experienced significant connectivity decreases from before to 6 weeks after surgery between several brain regions including between the left posterior cingulate cortex and left angular gyrus (β [95% CI], -0.196 [-0.256 to -0.136]; PFWE=0.001). Most preoperative and postoperative functional connectivity differences did not change after controlling for preoperative CSF Aβ levels. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative change trajectories for cognition and CSF Aβ, tau or p-tau levels did not differ between community dwelling older APOE4 carriers and non-carriers. APOE4 carriers showed greater preoperative functional connectivity and greater postoperative decreases in functional connectivity in key Alzheimer's disease-risk regions, which occur via Aβ-independent mechanisms.
BACKGROUND: Cognitive dysfunction after surgery is a major issue in older adults. Here, we determined the effect of APOE4 on perioperative neurocognitive function in older patients. METHODS: We enrolled 140 English-speaking patients ≥60 yr old scheduled for noncardiac surgery under general anaesthesia in an observational cohort study, of whom 52 underwent neuroimaging. We measured cognition; Aβ, tau, p-tau levels in CSF; and resting-state intrinsic functional connectivity in six Alzheimer's disease-risk regions before and 6 weeks after surgery. RESULTS: There were no significant APOE4-related differences in cognition or CSF biomarkers, except APOE4 carriers had lower CSF Aβ levels than non-carriers (preoperative median CSF Aβ [median absolute deviation], APOE4 305 pg ml-1 [65] vs 378 pg ml-1 [38], respectively; P=0.001). Controlling for age, APOE4 carriers had significantly greater preoperative functional connectivity than non-carriers between several brain regions implicated in Alzheimer's disease, including between the left posterior cingulate cortex and left angular gyrus (β [95% confidence interval, CI], 0.218 [0.137-0.230]; PFWE=0.016). APOE4 carriers, but not non-carriers, experienced significant connectivity decreases from before to 6 weeks after surgery between several brain regions including between the left posterior cingulate cortex and left angular gyrus (β [95% CI], -0.196 [-0.256 to -0.136]; PFWE=0.001). Most preoperative and postoperative functional connectivity differences did not change after controlling for preoperative CSF Aβ levels. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative change trajectories for cognition and CSF Aβ, tau or p-tau levels did not differ between community dwelling older APOE4 carriers and non-carriers. APOE4 carriers showed greater preoperative functional connectivity and greater postoperative decreases in functional connectivity in key Alzheimer's disease-risk regions, which occur via Aβ-independent mechanisms.
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