A Case of Cardiac Papillary Fibroelastoma - An Increasingly Described Cardiac Tumor with Fatal Consequences.

Papillary fibroelastomas (PFE) are rare primary cardiac tumors characterized by non-malignant, pedunculated, endocardial lesions with a significant risk of embolic potential and death. With improvements in the imaging quality and availability of transthoracic echocardiograms (TTE), the diagnosis of PFE has become more common in the last 2 decades. PFE is changing from a rare "zebra" diagnosis to one that community providers will encounter in their practice and must appropriately treat to prevent morbidity and mortality. Data shows that there are significant survival and morbidity benefit associated with surgical excision over non-operative management, with the benefit of anticoagulation remaining unclear at this time. We report a case describing the diagnostic workup and management of a 58-year-old woman who presented with an unidentified endocardial mass determined to be a PFE. Based on current literature, we favor a strategy of early surgical excision of PFE for an optimal reduction in mortality and thromboembolic sequelae associated with this pathology. ©Copyright 2021 by University Health Partners of Hawai‘i (UHP Hawai‘i).