Elise E DeVito1, Tessa Fagle1, Alicia M Allen2, Raina D Pang3, Nicole Petersen4, Philip H Smith5, Andrea H Weinberger6. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. 2. Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine - Tucson, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. 3. Department of Preventative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, and Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 4. Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 5. Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition and Health, College of Education, Health and Society, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA. 6. Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University and Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review examines Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) use behavior during pregnancy, including the prevalence of and transitions in use during pregnancy. RECENT FINDINGS: Twenty-two papers addressed the prevalence of and/or transitions in ENDS use during pregnancy. Findings show a complex landscape of ENDS use. A minority (0.4%-7.0%) of pregnant persons use ENDS; most commonly this occurs in the form of dual use (ENDS and combustible cigarettes (CC); 75%). Many pregnant persons report using ENDS because they perceive them to be a lower-risk alternative and/or potential cessation aide for CC smoking. However, while a subset of those who use ENDS do quit all tobacco product use during pregnancy, only a small proportion switch from exclusive CC smoking to exclusive ENDS use. SUMMARY: ENDS are a somewhat new addition to the tobacco product landscape. The perception of ENDS as a lower-risk alternative may contribute to ENDS use in pregnancy. There is insufficient evidence to support the notion that ENDS facilities the cessation of tobacco product use during pregnancy.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review examines Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) use behavior during pregnancy, including the prevalence of and transitions in use during pregnancy. RECENT FINDINGS: Twenty-two papers addressed the prevalence of and/or transitions in ENDS use during pregnancy. Findings show a complex landscape of ENDS use. A minority (0.4%-7.0%) of pregnant persons use ENDS; most commonly this occurs in the form of dual use (ENDS and combustible cigarettes (CC); 75%). Many pregnant persons report using ENDS because they perceive them to be a lower-risk alternative and/or potential cessation aide for CC smoking. However, while a subset of those who use ENDS do quit all tobacco product use during pregnancy, only a small proportion switch from exclusive CC smoking to exclusive ENDS use. SUMMARY: ENDS are a somewhat new addition to the tobacco product landscape. The perception of ENDS as a lower-risk alternative may contribute to ENDS use in pregnancy. There is insufficient evidence to support the notion that ENDS facilities the cessation of tobacco product use during pregnancy.
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