Jan Peter Thomas1, Christiane Völter2, Rainer Wirth3, Rainer Guthoff4, Martin Grunwald5, Thomas Hummel6. 1. Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, St.-Johannes-Hospital, Dortmund, Deutschland. janpeter.thomas@joho-dortmund.de. 2. Klinik für Hals‑, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Katholisches Klinikum Bochum GmbH, St. Elisabeth-Hospital, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Deutschland. christiane.voelter@rub.de. 3. Klinik für Altersmedizin und Frührehabilitation Marien-Hospital Herne, Universitätsklinikum, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Herne, Deutschland. 4. Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Deutschland. 5. Haptik-Forschungslabor, Paul-Flechsig-Institut für Hirnforschung, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Deutschland. 6. Universitäts-HNO-Klinik, TU Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Aging is a multidimensional process that may lead to physical, psychological and social changes. This is predominantly due to a decline of sensory functions and their central processing. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Selective literature search in Medline and the Cochrane Library. RESULTS: In addition to specific disorders of the sensory organs, unspecific age-related degenerative processes are responsible for the high prevalence of sensory limitations in older people. This can lead to a significant reduction in the quality of life. Balance impairment, decreasing function of hearing, vision, smell and the somatosensory system are associated with an increased risk of falling and an increased mortality in older people. Furthermore, there is evidence for a link between hearing loss and cognitive decline. In addition to the functional ability of every sense on its own, the integration of multiple sensory perceptions plays an increasing role in age-related sensory limitations. CONCLUSION: Sensory impairments have to be considered when working with older people. Early detection and an interdisciplinary therapeutic approach can reduce the negative consequences. Multimodal stimulation appears to stimulate brain plasticity which helps to compensate age-related changes.
BACKGROUND: Aging is a multidimensional process that may lead to physical, psychological and social changes. This is predominantly due to a decline of sensory functions and their central processing. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Selective literature search in Medline and the Cochrane Library. RESULTS: In addition to specific disorders of the sensory organs, unspecific age-related degenerative processes are responsible for the high prevalence of sensory limitations in older people. This can lead to a significant reduction in the quality of life. Balance impairment, decreasing function of hearing, vision, smell and the somatosensory system are associated with an increased risk of falling and an increased mortality in older people. Furthermore, there is evidence for a link between hearing loss and cognitive decline. In addition to the functional ability of every sense on its own, the integration of multiple sensory perceptions plays an increasing role in age-related sensory limitations. CONCLUSION: Sensory impairments have to be considered when working with older people. Early detection and an interdisciplinary therapeutic approach can reduce the negative consequences. Multimodal stimulation appears to stimulate brain plasticity which helps to compensate age-related changes.
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