Claudio R Nigg1, Brook Harmon2, Yu Jiang2, Kathleen A Martin Ginis3, Robert W Motl4, Rodney K Dishman5. 1. Office of Public Health Studies, University of Hawaii, 1960 East-West Road Honolulu, HI 96822, USA & Institute for Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. 2. School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Robison Hall, Memphis, TN 38152, USA. 3. School of Health and Exercise Science, The University of British Columbia, ART360 1147 Research Road, Kelowna, BC Canada V1V 1V7. 4. School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1716 9th Avenue South SHPB 336 Birmingham, AL 38233, USA. 5. College of Education, University of Georgia, 115I Ramsey Center, 330 River Road Athens, Georgia 30602, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Studies support the Transtheoretical Model's (TTM) ability to describe behavior change processes and guide interventions; however, the temporal sequencing of constructs is less understood. This cohort study tested five sequences to identify TTM construct changes related to physical activity. METHODS: A random sample provided baseline data (n=689; 63% female; M age (SD)=47(17); 37% white), with 401 participants providing 24-month data, at six-month intervals. RESULTS: Structural equation models revealed processes to cognitions to stage (AIC=29313.093, BIC=29514.883, CFI=0.999, RMSEA=0.006, SRMR=0.026); processes to stage to cognitions (AIC=27788.651, BIC=27973.268, CFI=0.978, RMSEA=0.024, SRMR=0.038), self-efficacy/temptations to processes to decisional balance to stage (AIC=13914.771, BIC=14031.169, CFI=0.981, RMSEA=0.018, SRMR=0.034), and stage to processes to cognitions (AIC=22048.324, BIC=22212.986, CFI=0.976, RMSEA=0.026, SRMR=0.029) all fit well. However, cognitions to processes to stage did not fit the data well (AIC=10353.555, BIC=10444.179, CFI=0.937, RMSEA=0.038, SRMR=0.035). CONCLUSIONS: Integrating results revealed a cyclical model so that intervention efforts should focus on processes to change cognitions related to barrier self-efficacy and decisional balance, which then lead to change in stage and then renew focus on the processes.
OBJECTIVE: Studies support the Transtheoretical Model's (TTM) ability to describe behavior change processes and guide interventions; however, the temporal sequencing of constructs is less understood. This cohort study tested five sequences to identify TTM construct changes related to physical activity. METHODS: A random sample provided baseline data (n=689; 63% female; M age (SD)=47(17); 37% white), with 401 participants providing 24-month data, at six-month intervals. RESULTS: Structural equation models revealed processes to cognitions to stage (AIC=29313.093, BIC=29514.883, CFI=0.999, RMSEA=0.006, SRMR=0.026); processes to stage to cognitions (AIC=27788.651, BIC=27973.268, CFI=0.978, RMSEA=0.024, SRMR=0.038), self-efficacy/temptations to processes to decisional balance to stage (AIC=13914.771, BIC=14031.169, CFI=0.981, RMSEA=0.018, SRMR=0.034), and stage to processes to cognitions (AIC=22048.324, BIC=22212.986, CFI=0.976, RMSEA=0.026, SRMR=0.029) all fit well. However, cognitions to processes to stage did not fit the data well (AIC=10353.555, BIC=10444.179, CFI=0.937, RMSEA=0.038, SRMR=0.035). CONCLUSIONS: Integrating results revealed a cyclical model so that intervention efforts should focus on processes to change cognitions related to barrier self-efficacy and decisional balance, which then lead to change in stage and then renew focus on the processes.
Entities:
Keywords:
decisional balance; perceived barriers; processes of change; self-efficacy; stage of change; temptations