Asier Muñoz1, Anxhela Docaj1, Maialen Ugarteburu1, Alessandra Carriero2. 1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, Steinman Bldg. Room 403C, New York, NY, 10031, USA. 2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, Steinman Bldg. Room 403C, New York, NY, 10031, USA. acarriero@ccny.cuny.edu.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: Bone's ability to withstand load resisting fracture and adapting to it highly depends on the quality of its matrix and its regulators. This review focuses on the contribution of bone quality to fracture resistance and possible therapeutic targets for skeletal fragility in aging and disease. RECENT FINDINGS: The highly organized, hierarchical composite structure of bone extracellular matrix together with its (re)modeling mechanisms and microdamage dynamics determines its stiffness, strength, and toughness. Aging and disease affect the biological processes regulating bone quality, thus resulting in defective extracellular matrix and bone fragility. Targeted therapies are being developed to restore bone's mechanical integrity. However, their current limitations include low tissue selectivity and adverse side effects. Biological and mechanical insights into the mechanisms controlling bone quality, together with advances in drug delivery and studies in animal models, will accelerate the development and translation to clinical application of effective targeted-therapeutics for bone fragility.
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: Bone's ability to withstand load resisting fracture and adapting to it highly depends on the quality of its matrix and its regulators. This review focuses on the contribution of bone quality to fracture resistance and possible therapeutic targets for skeletal fragility in aging and disease. RECENT FINDINGS: The highly organized, hierarchical composite structure of bone extracellular matrix together with its (re)modeling mechanisms and microdamage dynamics determines its stiffness, strength, and toughness. Aging and disease affect the biological processes regulating bone quality, thus resulting in defective extracellular matrix and bone fragility. Targeted therapies are being developed to restore bone's mechanical integrity. However, their current limitations include low tissue selectivity and adverse side effects. Biological and mechanical insights into the mechanisms controlling bone quality, together with advances in drug delivery and studies in animal models, will accelerate the development and translation to clinical application of effective targeted-therapeutics for bone fragility.
Authors: R O Ritchie; S J Shefelbine; A Carriero; E A Zimmermann; A Paluszny; S Y Tang; H Bale; B Busse; T Alliston; G Kazakia Journal: J Bone Miner Res Date: 2014-06 Impact factor: 6.741
Authors: Amy Creecy; Sasidhar Uppuganti; Madeline R Girard; Siegfried G Schlunk; Chidi Amah; Mathilde Granke; Mustafa Unal; Mark D Does; Jeffry S Nyman Journal: Bone Date: 2019-10-31 Impact factor: 4.398
Authors: A Carriero; M Doube; M Vogt; B Busse; J Zustin; A Levchuk; P Schneider; R Müller; S J Shefelbine Journal: Bone Date: 2013-12-27 Impact factor: 4.398