Prospective Comparative Evaluation of Post-extraction Bleeding in Cardiovascular-Compromised Patients with and without Antiplatelet Medications.

BACKGROUND AND
OBJECTIVE: A considerable number of patients consulting a dental surgeon are on antiplatelet therapy, and an interruption of these agents for 3 to 7 days has been practised by majority of them prior to dental surgical intervention fearing excessive bleeding, risking the patient for the occurrence of adverse thrombotic events. The dental and medical literature shows a very low risk of excessive bleeding associated on the continuation of antiplatelet therapy. The objective of this study is to compare the bleeding following single-firm molar tooth extraction in patients who interrupt and those who continue antiplatelet therapy perioperatively.
METHODOLOGY: This is a prospective descriptive study on 170 patients on long-term low-dose antiplatelet therapy with 2 groups, each containing 85 patients-Group 1 with patients who interrupted antiplatelet therapy for 5 days before extraction and Group 2, patients who continued it perioperatively. A single molar tooth extraction was done under local anaesthesia with a vasoconstrictor. Gauze pressure pack was placed for 60 min. Socket was observed every 15 min for 1 h to look for excessive post-extraction bleeding.
RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were found in post-extraction bleeding between the patients who stopped antiplatelet therapy and those who continued it.
CONCLUSION: The bleeding risk when continuing long-term low-dose antiplatelet therapy following a single molar tooth extraction is minimal. Bleeding, if excessive, can be easily controlled by gauze pressure pack or other local haemostatic agents. Thus, dental extractions can be performed on these patients without interrupting the antiplatelet drug pre-operatively provided a thorough medical history, physician's consent and coagulation profile have been obtained prior to the procedure. © The Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons of India 2019.