Yong Je Choi1, Yoon Ha Joo2, Baek-Lok Oh1, Jung Chan Lee3,4. 1. Department of OphthalmologySeoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul03080Republic of Korea. 2. Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Graduate SchoolSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea. 3. Department of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoul03080Republic of Korea. 4. Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, Medical Research Center, Seoul National UniversitySeoul03080Republic of Korea.
Abstract
Objective: A simulator for retrobulbar anesthesia administration mimicking the orbital anatomy and providing tactile sensation is proposed. Methods: The production process involves 3D modeling of anatomical structures on the basis of computerized tomography (CT) images, printing the models using a 3D printer, and casting the silicone. Twenty ophthalmologists administered retrobulbar anesthesia using the simulator with four different ocular axial lengths (including extreme myopes); the position of the needle tip was evaluated. The effectiveness of this simulator for training was also surveyed. Results: The proportions of the final location of the needle tip were 59.25%, 36.25%, and 4.5% for the retrobulbar space, peribulbar space, and intraocular space, respectively. Experienced ophthalmologists showed lower complication rates than residents (0.5% vs 8.5%, [Formula: see text]) and agreed that this simulator will help young ophthalmologists advance their anesthesia-administering skills. Discussion/ Conclusion: The 3D-printered simulator for retrobulbar anesthesia was produced and performance was verified. The technology could be used to simulate critical orbital anatomic features and could be used as a training tool for resident ophthalmologists.
Objective: A simulator for retrobulbar anesthesia administration mimicking the orbital anatomy and providing tactile sensation is proposed. Methods: The production process involves 3D modeling of anatomical structures on the basis of computerized tomography (CT) images, printing the models using a 3D printer, and casting the silicone. Twenty ophthalmologists administered retrobulbar anesthesia using the simulator with four different ocular axial lengths (including extreme myopes); the position of the needle tip was evaluated. The effectiveness of this simulator for training was also surveyed. Results: The proportions of the final location of the needle tip were 59.25%, 36.25%, and 4.5% for the retrobulbar space, peribulbar space, and intraocular space, respectively. Experienced ophthalmologists showed lower complication rates than residents (0.5% vs 8.5%, [Formula: see text]) and agreed that this simulator will help young ophthalmologists advance their anesthesia-administering skills. Discussion/ Conclusion: The 3D-printered simulator for retrobulbar anesthesia was produced and performance was verified. The technology could be used to simulate critical orbital anatomic features and could be used as a training tool for resident ophthalmologists.
Entities:
Keywords:
3D printing; Anatomical 3D model; education; ophthalmic retrobulbar anesthesia; simulator
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