Joel Monárrez-Espino1,2, Carolina Ivette Zubía-Nevárez2, Lorena Reyes-Silva1, Juan Pablo Castillo-Palencia3, Julio Enrique Castañeda-Delgado4, Ana Sofía Herrera van-Oostdam5, Yamilé López-Hernández6. 1. Department of Health Research, Christus Muguerza del Parque Hospital, Chihuahua 31000, Mexico. 2. Vice Presidency of Health Sciences, Medical Specialties Program, University of Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García 66238, Mexico. 3. General Hospital of Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, San Luis Potosí Health Services, Soledad de Graciano Sánchez 78435, Mexico. 4. Biomedical Research Unit, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Zacatecas 98000, Mexico. 5. Biochemistry Department, San Luis Potosí Autonomous University, San Luis Potosí 78290, Mexico. 6. Metabolomics and Proteomics Laboratory, Mexican Council of Science and Technology, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas 98000, Mexico.
Abstract
(1) Background: Latin America has been harshly hit by SARS-CoV-2, but reporting from this region is still incomplete. This study aimed at identifying and comparing clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 at different stages of disease severity. (2) Methods: Cross-sectional multicentric study. Individuals with nasopharyngeal PCR were categorized into four groups: (1) negative, (2) positive, not hospitalized, (3) positive, hospitalized with/without supplementary oxygen, and (4) positive, intubated. Clinical and laboratory data were compared, using group 1 as the reference. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression was used to compare adjusted odds ratios. (3) Results: Nine variables remained in the model, explaining 76% of the variability. Men had increased odds, from 1.90 (95%CI 0.87-4.15) in the comparison of 2 vs. 1, to 3.66 (1.12-11.9) in 4 vs. 1. Diabetes and obesity were strong predictors. For diabetes, the odds for groups 2, 3, and 4 were 1.56 (0.29-8.16), 12.8 (2.50-65.8), and 16.1 (2.87-90.2); for obesity, these were 0.79 (0.31-2.05), 3.38 (1.04-10.9), and 4.10 (1.16-14.4), respectively. Fever, myalgia/arthralgia, cough, dyspnea, and neutrophilia were associated with the more severe COVID-19 group. Anosmia/dysgeusia were more likely to occur in group 2 (25.5; 2.51-259). (4) Conclusion: The results point to relevant differences in clinical and laboratory features of COVID-19 by level of severity that can be used in medical practice.
(1) Background: Latin America has been harshly hit by SARS-CoV-2, but reporting from this region is still incomplete. This study aimed at identifying and comparing clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 at different stages of disease severity. (2) Methods: Cross-sectional multicentric study. Individuals with nasopharyngeal PCR were categorized into four groups: (1) negative, (2) positive, not hospitalized, (3) positive, hospitalized with/without supplementary oxygen, and (4) positive, intubated. Clinical and laboratory data were compared, using group 1 as the reference. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression was used to compare adjusted odds ratios. (3) Results: Nine variables remained in the model, explaining 76% of the variability. Men had increased odds, from 1.90 (95%CI 0.87-4.15) in the comparison of 2 vs. 1, to 3.66 (1.12-11.9) in 4 vs. 1. Diabetes and obesity were strong predictors. For diabetes, the odds for groups 2, 3, and 4 were 1.56 (0.29-8.16), 12.8 (2.50-65.8), and 16.1 (2.87-90.2); for obesity, these were 0.79 (0.31-2.05), 3.38 (1.04-10.9), and 4.10 (1.16-14.4), respectively. Fever, myalgia/arthralgia, cough, dyspnea, and neutrophilia were associated with the more severe COVID-19 group. Anosmia/dysgeusia were more likely to occur in group 2 (25.5; 2.51-259). (4) Conclusion: The results point to relevant differences in clinical and laboratory features of COVID-19 by level of severity that can be used in medical practice.
Entities:
Keywords:
COVID-19; Mexico; disease severity; multivariate analysis; signs and symptoms
Authors: Edith Ratshikhopha; Munyadziwa Muvhali; Nisha Naicker; Nonhlanhla Tlotleng; Waasila Jassat; Tanusha Singh Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-05-02 Impact factor: 4.614