| Literature DB >> 34327540 |
Uwe Koppe1, Hendrik Wilking2, Thomas Harder2, Walter Haas2, Ute Rexroth2, Osamah Hamouda2.
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread worldwide in 2020. By the end of June 2021, over 3.7 million people had been infected in Germany. The spread of the infection, however, is not evenly distributed across all parts of the population. Some groups are at a higher risk for SARS-CoV‑2 infections or severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) trajectories than others.This narrative review provides an overview of the parts of the population in Germany that are most affected by COVID-19. In addition, risk factors associated with hospitalization or severe courses of COVID-19 are identified.SARS-CoV‑2 transmission may occur in various locations and settings. Professional settings, e.g., in the meat-processing industry, but also leisure activities and large public events are particularly affected. In the course of the pandemic, certain comorbidities associated with an increased risk for hospitalization or severe courses of COVID-19 have been identified. These include preexisting pulmonary, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases. Patients with organ transplants and people with Down syndrome (trisomy 21) have the highest risk for hospitalization after SARS-CoV‑2 infection.The identified settings that contribute to the spread of SARS-CoV‑2 and the knowledge about vulnerable groups with a higher risk for hospitalization or severe disease trajectories form an important evidence base for the planning of prevention strategies and the fight against the pandemic.Entities:
Keywords: Associated factors; COVID-19; Hospitalizations; SARS-CoV‑2; Severe disease
Mesh:
Year: 2021 PMID: 34327540 PMCID: PMC8320410 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-021-03391-0
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz ISSN: 1436-9990 Impact factor: 1.513
| Vorerkrankung | Effektschätzer (95 % KI) | I2 (%) | Studien (Anzahl, Quelle(n)) | Gesamtzahl Patientinnen und Patienten | GRADE-Evidenzqualität |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arrhythmie oder Vorhofflimmern | 1,41 (1,17–1,70) | 0,00 | 3 [ | 13.544 | + + + + |
| Herzinsuffizienz | 2,13 (1,24–3,67) | 80,5 | 5 [ | 19.995 | + + + |
| Koronare Herzkrankheit (KHK) | 1,29 (1,11–1,51) | 18,8 | 3 [ | 18.501 | + + + + |
| Arterielle Hypertonie | 1,51 (1,27–1,81) | 62,5 | 7 [ | 20.902 | + + + |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1,95 (1,72–2,20) | 27,5 | 10 [ | 22.725 | + + + + |
| Adipositas (BMI > 30 kg/m2) | 1,94 (1,73–2,18) | 0,00 | 5 [ | 16.251 | + + + + |
| Chronische Nierenerkrankung | 1,95 (1,31–2,91) | 82,9 | 7 [ | 20.863 | + + + |
| Chronische Lebererkrankung | 1,30 (1,10–1,60) | NA | 1 [ | 500 | + + + |
| Krebserkrankung | 1,18 (1,00–1,38) | 14,0 | 6 [ | 16.051 | + + + + |
| Asthma bronchiale | 1,32 (0,89–1,97) | 57,1 | 4 [ | 5766 | + + |
| Schwere chronische Lungenerkrankungen, z. B. COPD | 1,76 (1,29–2,4) | 7,9 | 5 [ | 6351 | + + + + |
| Zerebrovaskuläre Erkrankung oder Apoplex (Schlaganfall) | 1,30 (1,03–1,64) | 0,00 | 2 [ | 9841 | + + + + |
| Demenz | 1,31 (0,32–5,37) | 93,2 | 3 [ | 13.544 | + + |
| Psychiatrische Erkrankungen (schwere Depression, Schizophrenie und bipolare Störung) | 2,1 (1,2–3,7) | NA | 1 [ | 11.122 | + + + + |
| Autoimmunerkrankung | 1,08 (1,01–1,17) | NA | 1 [ | 9437 | + + + |
| Chronisch entzündliche Darmerkrankung | 1,1 (0,8–1,51) | NA | 1 [ | 464 | + + + |
| Rheumatologische Erkrankung | 1,37 (1,08–1,73) | 0 | 2 [ | 9675 | + + + + |
| Zustand nach Organtransplantation | 2,70 (1,30–5,40) | NA | 1 [ | 9519 | + + + |
| Immundefizienz, Antikörpermangelsyndrome, IgA-Mangel | 1,14 (0,75–1,75) | NA | 1 [ | 1526 | + + + |
KI Konfidenzintervall, BMI Body Mass Index, COPD chronisch obstruktive Lungenerkrankung, ZNS zentrales Nervensystem, GRADE Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation, I Heterogenitätsmaß, NA nicht anwendbar