Shams Forruque Ahmed1, M Mofijur2, Tahlil Ahmed Parisa3, Nafisa Islam3, F Kusumo4, Abrar Inayat5, Van Giang Le6, Irfan Anjum Badruddin7, T M Yunus Khan7, Hwai Chyuan Ong8. 1. Science and Math Program, Asian University for Women, Chattogram, 4000, Bangladesh. Electronic address: shams.f.ahmed@gmail.com. 2. Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia; Mechanical Engineering Department, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, 31952, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: MdMofijur.Rahman@uts.edu.au. 3. Science and Math Program, Asian University for Women, Chattogram, 4000, Bangladesh. 4. Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia. 5. Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates. 6. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan. 7. Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia. 8. Centre for Green Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia. Electronic address: HwaiChyuan.Ong@uts.edu.au.
Abstract
The utilization of microalgae in treating wastewater has been an emerging topic focussed on finding an economically sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to treating wastewater. Over the last several years, different types of con microalgae and bacteria consortia have been experimented with to explore their potential in effectively treating wastewater from different sources. The basic features considered while determining efficiency is their capacity to remove nutrients including nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and heavy metals like arsenic (As), lead (Pb), and copper (Cu). This paper reviews the efficiency of microalgae as an approach to treating wastewater from different sources and compares conventional and microalgae-based treatment systems. The paper also discusses the characteristics of wastewater, conventional methods of wastewater treatment that have been used so far, and the technological mechanisms for removing nutrients and heavy metals from contaminated water. Microalgae can successfully eliminate the suspended nutrients and have been reported to successfully remove N, P, and heavy metals by up to 99.6 %, 100 %, and 13%-100 % from different types of wastewater. However, although a microalgae-based wastewater treatment system offers some benefits, it also presents some challenges as outlined in the last section of this paper. Performance in eliminating nutrients from wastewater is affected by different parameters such as temperature, biomass productivity, osmotic ability, pH, O2 concentration. Therefore, the conducting of pilot-scale studies and exploration of the complexities of contaminants under complex environmental conditions is recommended.
The utilization of microalgae in treating wpan class="Chemical">asten>an class="Chemical">water has been an emerging topic focussed on finding an economically sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to treating wastewater. Over the last several years, different types of con microalgae and bacteria consortia have been experimented with to explore their potential in effectively treating wastewater from different sources. The basic features considered while determining efficiency is their capacity to remove nutrients including nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and heavy metals like arsenic (As), lead (Pb), and copper (Cu). This paper reviews the efficiency of microalgae as an approach to treating wastewater from different sources and compares conventional and microalgae-based treatment systems. The paper also discusses the characteristics of wastewater, conventional methods of wastewater treatment that have been used so far, and the technological mechanisms for removing nutrients and heavy metals from contaminated water. Microalgae can successfully eliminate the suspended nutrients and have been reported to successfully remove N, P, and heavy metals by up to 99.6 %, 100 %, and 13%-100 % from different types of wastewater. However, although a microalgae-based wastewater treatment system offers some benefits, it also presents some challenges as outlined in the last section of this paper. Performance in eliminating nutrients from wastewater is affected by different parameters such as temperature, biomass productivity, osmotic ability, pH, O2 concentration. Therefore, the conducting of pilot-scale studies and exploration of the complexities of contaminants under complex environmental conditions is recommended.
Authors: Letícia de M Sousa; Juliana de S Ferreira; Vicelma L Cardoso; Fabiana R X Batista Journal: World J Microbiol Biotechnol Date: 2022-04-23 Impact factor: 3.312