SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi1, Amirali Karimi2, Mehrzad MohsseniPour1, Alireza Barzegary3, Seyed Peyman Mirghaderi2, Amirata Fakhfouri3, Solmaz Saeidi4, Armin Razi5, Hengameh Mojdeganlou6, Marcarious M Tantuoyir2,7, Amir Masoud Afsahi8, Esmaeil Mehraeen9,10, Omid Dadras11. 1. Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 3. School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. 4. Department of Nursing, University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran. 5. Internal Medicine Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 6. Department of Pathology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. 7. Biomedical Engineering Unit, University of Ghana Medical Center (UGMC), Accra, Ghana. 8. Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA. 9. Department of Health Information Technology, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran. 10. AMAD Research Institute, Supreme National Defense University, Tehran, Iran. 11. Department of Global Health and Socioepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Patients with chronic underlying diseases are more susceptible to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) complications. Recent studies showed people living with HIV (PLWH) are not at greater risk than the general population. Few studies have reviewed the impacts of COVID-19 on PLWH. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on patients infected with HIV. METHODS: We executed a systematic search using four databases of PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science and screened the records in two steps based on their title/abstract and full text. This study follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist to elevate the validity and reliability of its results. RESULTS: We reviewed 36 studies. The patients' age was above 20 years in all studies. In almost all studies, the inflammatory parameters were reported high. In most of the studies, all HIV patients completely recovered from the COVID 19 infection. Although CD4 count was not recorded in all studies, the minimum level was reported as 12 cells/µl. CONCLUSION: Based on the current review, we concluded that HIV patients at advanced stages (3 or 4) of the disease, whose CD4 counts are low, may show less severe COVID-19 infection symptoms. Similarly, Interference can reduce the severity of immune reactions and subsequent cytokine storms and consequently mitigate the symptoms. Therefore, in most of the studies, the majority of HIV patients showed no severe symptoms and completely recovered from COVID 19 infection.
INTRODUCTION:Patients with chronic underlying diseases are more susceptible to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) complications. Recent studies showed people living with HIV (PLWH) are not at greater risk than the general population. Few studies have reviewed the impacts of COVID-19 on PLWH. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on patientsinfected with HIV. METHODS: We executed a systematic search using four databases of PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science and screened the records in two steps based on their title/abstract and full text. This study follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist to elevate the validity and reliability of its results. RESULTS: We reviewed 36 studies. The patients' age was above 20 years in all studies. In almost all studies, the inflammatory parameters were reported high. In most of the studies, all HIVpatients completely recovered from the COVID 19 infection. Although CD4 count was not recorded in all studies, the minimum level was reported as 12 cells/µl. CONCLUSION: Based on the current review, we concluded that HIVpatients at advanced stages (3 or 4) of the disease, whose CD4 counts are low, may show less severe COVID-19infection symptoms. Similarly, Interference can reduce the severity of immune reactions and subsequent cytokine storms and consequently mitigate the symptoms. Therefore, in most of the studies, the majority of HIVpatients showed no severe symptoms and completely recovered from COVID 19 infection.