Seon Tae Kim1, Joo Hyun Jung1, Ryun Ha1, Jin Soon Chang2, Junsun Ryu3, Il Gyu Kang4, Jae Goo Kang5, Tien Huynh6, Chang-Sub Uhm7, Im Joo Rhyu7, Yun Hee Choi8, Taek Keun Kwon9. 1. Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea. 2. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 3. Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. 4. ENT Over Flower Clinic, Incheon, Republic of Korea. 5. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 6. ICON Plastic Surgery, Hochiminh city, Vietnam. 7. Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 8. AONE Plastic & Aesthetic Surgery, 18-6, Ihyeon-ro 29 beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16931, Republic of Korea. 9. AONE Plastic & Aesthetic Surgery, 18-6, Ihyeon-ro 29 beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16931, Republic of Korea. kiaps1@hanmail.net.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Downward-turning oral commissures and sagging mouth corners can present an unfavorable impression. We introduced a new oral commissure lift procedure and investigated its effectiveness and complication rates. METHODS: Patients who underwent oral commissure lift in the plastic surgery clinic between January 2010 and December 2017 were enrolled retrospectively. Pre-and postoperative photographs were evaluated to measure oral commissure angles and analyze surgical complications, including visible scarring, unnatural appearance, and asymmetry. Many patients underwent a oral commissure lift with a simultaneous facelift. To exclude potential bias, we compared angular changes between patients receiving both oral commissure lift and facelift, with those receiving only oral commissure lift. Moreover, oral commissure angles of patients only receiving facelift were also measured. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: Oral commissure lift was performed in 51 patients. The mean ages and follow-up periods were 46.7 ± 11.9 years, and 25.2 ± 22.9 months, respectively. The preoperative mean angles of the right and left oral commissures measured - 3.1 ± 4.0° and - 3.4 ± 3.7°, respectively, and postoperative mean angles measured 3.6 ± 3.2° and 3.3 ± 3.5°, respectively. Postoperative changes in oral commissure angles were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The low complication rate included undercorrection in one patient, asymmetry in one patient, and visible scarring in three patients. We found no statistically significant differences in the studies excluding bias. CONCLUSIONS: The new oral commissure lift procedure for correcting sagging oral commissures was simple, safe, and effective with a low complication rate. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
BACKGROUND: Downward-turning oral commissures and sagging mouth corners can present an unfavorable impression. We introduced a new oral commissure lift procedure and investigated its effectiveness and complication rates. METHODS: Patients who underwent oral commissure lift in the plastic surgery clinic between January 2010 and December 2017 were enrolled retrospectively. Pre-and postoperative photographs were evaluated to measure oral commissure angles and analyze surgical complications, including visible scarring, unnatural appearance, and asymmetry. Many patients underwent a oral commissure lift with a simultaneous facelift. To exclude potential bias, we compared angular changes between patients receiving both oral commissure lift and facelift, with those receiving only oral commissure lift. Moreover, oral commissure angles of patients only receiving facelift were also measured. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: Oral commissure lift was performed in 51 patients. The mean ages and follow-up periods were 46.7 ± 11.9 years, and 25.2 ± 22.9 months, respectively. The preoperative mean angles of the right and left oral commissures measured - 3.1 ± 4.0° and - 3.4 ± 3.7°, respectively, and postoperative mean angles measured 3.6 ± 3.2° and 3.3 ± 3.5°, respectively. Postoperative changes in oral commissure angles were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The low complication rate included undercorrection in one patient, asymmetry in one patient, and visible scarring in three patients. We found no statistically significant differences in the studies excluding bias. CONCLUSIONS: The new oral commissure lift procedure for correcting sagging oral commissures was simple, safe, and effective with a low complication rate. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .