S K Behera1,2, T C Sabarinath3,2, Y Deneke4, S K Bansal5, K Mahendran6, A Kumar7, K Senthil8, M R Verma9, S ChandraSekar10, S Atif Ali11. 1. Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, School of Life Science, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Tamil Nadu, India. 2. These authors contributed equally to this work. 3. Clinical Bacteriological Laboratory, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (ICAR-IVRI), Mukteshwar, India. 4. Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia. 5. Department of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Clinical Complex, G C Negi College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar HP Krishi University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India. 6. Veterinary Medicine Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (ICAR-IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, India. 7. Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (ICAR-IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, India. 8. Zoonosis Research Lab, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tamil Nadu, India. 9. Livestock Economics & Statistics Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (ICAR-IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, India. 10. Biochemistry Laboratory, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (ICAR-IVRI), Mukteswar, India. 11. Ph.D. Student in Biotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica University, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Canine leptospirosis is a serious public health concern. AIMS: This study aims to investigate the feasibility of conserved first to fifth domains of recombinant Leptospira immunoglobulin like protein B antigen (rLigBCon1-5) as a serodiagnostic marker for detecting canine leptospirosis. METHODS: A total of 340 unvaccinated canine serum samples were screened using microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and rLigBCon1-5 based immunoglobulin G (IgG) indirect-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA). Further, 60 vaccinated canine sera were screened using MAT and rLigBCon1-5 based latex agglutination test (LAT). RESULTS: Microscopic agglutination test results revealed seropositivity of 28.6%. The relative sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of IgG I-ELISA in comparison to MAT were 100%, 96.0%, and 97.2%, respectively. Out of 60 vaccinated sera, 46 sera reacted with MAT alone, and eight sera reacted by both tests, while six sera were non-reactive with both tests. Anti-LigB antibodies were detected in eight canine sera by rLigBCon1-5 based LAT. In five LAT reactive sera, agglutinins of locally circulating Leptospira serovars Grippotyphosa (n=4) and Australis (n=1) were detected. In three LAT reactive sera, agglutinins against Icterohaemorrhagiae (n=3) produced due to natural infection were present. CONCLUSION: Immunoglobulin G based indirect ELISA assay (IgG I-ELISA) can be employed as an alternative test instead of MAT. rLigBCon1-5 based LAT detected anti-LigB antibodies in eight vaccinated sera where the vaccine failure occurred partially or totally due to the limited efficacy spectrum of Nobivac® RL and cold chain breakage. This vaccine could not provide cross-protection against locally circulating Leptospira serovars. The recombinant LigBCon1-5 antigen based LAT possesses capability of differentiating infected from vaccinated individuals (DIVA capability) when employed as a pen-side test for detecting canine leptospirosis.
BACKGROUND: Canine leptospirosis is a serious public health concern. AIMS: This study aims to investigate the feasibility of conserved first to fifth domains of recombinant Leptospira immunoglobulin like protein B antigen (rLigBCon1-5) as a serodiagnostic marker for detecting canine leptospirosis. METHODS: A total of 340 unvaccinated canine serum samples were screened using microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and rLigBCon1-5 based immunoglobulin G (IgG) indirect-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA). Further, 60 vaccinated canine sera were screened using MAT and rLigBCon1-5 based latex agglutination test (LAT). RESULTS: Microscopic agglutination test results revealed seropositivity of 28.6%. The relative sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of IgG I-ELISA in comparison to MAT were 100%, 96.0%, and 97.2%, respectively. Out of 60 vaccinated sera, 46 sera reacted with MAT alone, and eight sera reacted by both tests, while six sera were non-reactive with both tests. Anti-LigB antibodies were detected in eight canine sera by rLigBCon1-5 based LAT. In five LAT reactive sera, agglutinins of locally circulating Leptospira serovars Grippotyphosa (n=4) and Australis (n=1) were detected. In three LAT reactive sera, agglutinins against Icterohaemorrhagiae (n=3) produced due to natural infection were present. CONCLUSION: Immunoglobulin G based indirect ELISA assay (IgG I-ELISA) can be employed as an alternative test instead of MAT. rLigBCon1-5 based LAT detected anti-LigB antibodies in eight vaccinated sera where the vaccine failure occurred partially or totally due to the limited efficacy spectrum of Nobivac® RL and cold chain breakage. This vaccine could not provide cross-protection against locally circulating Leptospira serovars. The recombinant LigBCon1-5 antigen based LAT possesses capability of differentiating infected from vaccinated individuals (DIVA capability) when employed as a pen-side test for detecting canine leptospirosis.
Authors: Julio Croda; João G R Ramos; James Matsunaga; Adriano Queiroz; Akira Homma; Lee W Riley; David A Haake; Mitermayer G Reis; Albert I Ko Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 2007-03-14 Impact factor: 5.948
Authors: Cláudia P Hartleben; Fernanda M A Leal; Leonardo G Monte; Daiane D Hartwig; Fabiana K Seixas; Sílvio A Vasconcellos; Bibiana Brihuega; Odir A Dellagostin Journal: Curr Microbiol Date: 2012-10-14 Impact factor: 2.188