Nicola Jeffery1, David Chambers2, Brandon M Invergo3, Ryan M Ames4, Lorna W Harries5. 1. Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK. 2. Kings College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK. 3. University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QJ, UK. 4. University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK. 5. Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK. L.W.Harries@exeter.ac.uk.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Beta cell identity changes occur in the islets of donors with diabetes, but the molecular basis of this remains unclear. Protecting residual functional beta cells from cell identity changes may be beneficial for patients with diabetes. RESULTS: A somatostatin-positive cell population was induced in stressed clonal human EndoC-βH1 beta cells and was isolated using FACS. A transcriptomic characterisation of somatostatin-positive cells was then carried out. Gain of somatostatin-positivity was associated with marked dysregulation of the non-coding genome. Very few coding genes were differentially expressed. Potential candidate effector genes were assessed by targeted gene knockdown. Targeted knockdown of the HNRNPD gene induced the emergence of a somatostatin-positive cell population in clonal EndoC-βH1 beta cells comparable with that we have previously reported in stressed cells. CONCLUSIONS: We report here a role for the HNRNPD gene in determination of beta cell identity in response to cellular stress. These findings widen our understanding of the role of RNA binding proteins and RNA biology in determining cell identity and may be important for protecting remaining beta cell reserve in diabetes.
BACKGROUND: Beta cell identity changes occur in the islets of donors with diabetes, but the molecular basis of this remains unclear. Protecting residual functional beta cells from cell identity changes may be beneficial for patients with diabetes. RESULTS: A somatostatin-positive cell population was induced in stressed clonal human EndoC-βH1 beta cells and was isolated using FACS. A transcriptomic characterisation of somatostatin-positive cells was then carried out. Gain of somatostatin-positivity was associated with marked dysregulation of the non-coding genome. Very few coding genes were differentially expressed. Potential candidate effector genes were assessed by targeted gene knockdown. Targeted knockdown of the HNRNPD gene induced the emergence of a somatostatin-positive cell population in clonal EndoC-βH1 beta cells comparable with that we have previously reported in stressed cells. CONCLUSIONS: We report here a role for the HNRNPD gene in determination of beta cell identity in response to cellular stress. These findings widen our understanding of the role of RNA binding proteins and RNA biology in determining cell identity and may be important for protecting remaining beta cell reserve in diabetes.
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