Junko Ueshima1, Keisuke Maeda2, Akio Shimizu3, Tatsuro Inoue4, Kenta Murotani5, Naoharu Mori6, Shosuke Satake7, Yasumoto Matsui8, Hidenori Arai9. 1. Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Service, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Shinagawa, Japan. 2. Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hospital, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan. Electronic address: kskmaeda1701@gmail.com. 3. Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hospital, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan; Department of Nutrition, Hamamatsu City Rehabilitation Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan. 4. Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hospital, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan; Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan. Electronic address: tatsuro-inoue@nuhw.ac.jp. 5. Biostatistics Center, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan. Electronic address: kmurotani@med.kurume-u.ac.jp. 6. Department of Palliative and Supportive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan. Electronic address: nmori@aichi-med-u.ac.jp. 7. Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hospital, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan; Department of Frailty Research, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan. Electronic address: satakes@ncgg.go.jp. 8. Center for Frailty and Locomotive Syndrome, Hospital, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan. Electronic address: matsui@ncgg.go.jp. 9. National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan. Electronic address: harai@ncgg.go.jp.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS 2019) proposed a simple assessment of sarcopenia called "possible sarcopenia" for the purpose of early detection and intervention of sarcopenia. The purpose of this study was to report the accuracy of possible sarcopenia against definitive sarcopenia and the characteristics of false-negative cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study using a research registry with outpatients aged ≥65 years who visited a frailty clinic at a geriatric hospital. The diagnosis of possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia was performed according to the AWGS 2019 criteria, using calf circumference (CC) for case-finding. The accuracy of the diagnosis of sarcopenia in participants with possible sarcopenia was evaluated by calculating sensitivity, specificity, and F-value. RESULTS: Of the 349 patients (mean age, 78.0±6.0 years; 63% women) analyzed, 86 (24.6%) revealed possible sarcopenia. Possible sarcopenia predicted sarcopenia with a sensitivity of 0.893 and 0.921, specificity of 0.990 and 0.870, and F-values of 0.926 and 0.714 for men and women, respectively. When either the grip strength test or 5-time chair stand test result was examined, the sensitivity of possible sarcopenia to predict sarcopenia decreased, whereas the specificity remained at 0.990-1.000 in men and 0.890-0.940 in women. An extremely decreased CC was identified as a significant characteristic of patients with sarcopenia not detected in the simplified assessment. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnostic accuracy of possible sarcopenia for definitive sarcopenia is excellent. Sarcopenia should be actively examined in patients with extremely decreased CC.
PURPOSE: The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS 2019) proposed a simple assessment of sarcopenia called "possible sarcopenia" for the purpose of early detection and intervention of sarcopenia. The purpose of this study was to report the accuracy of possible sarcopenia against definitive sarcopenia and the characteristics of false-negative cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study using a research registry with outpatients aged ≥65 years who visited a frailty clinic at a geriatric hospital. The diagnosis of possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia was performed according to the AWGS 2019 criteria, using calf circumference (CC) for case-finding. The accuracy of the diagnosis of sarcopenia in participants with possible sarcopenia was evaluated by calculating sensitivity, specificity, and F-value. RESULTS: Of the 349 patients (mean age, 78.0±6.0 years; 63% women) analyzed, 86 (24.6%) revealed possible sarcopenia. Possible sarcopenia predicted sarcopenia with a sensitivity of 0.893 and 0.921, specificity of 0.990 and 0.870, and F-values of 0.926 and 0.714 for men and women, respectively. When either the grip strength test or 5-time chair stand test result was examined, the sensitivity of possible sarcopenia to predict sarcopenia decreased, whereas the specificity remained at 0.990-1.000 in men and 0.890-0.940 in women. An extremely decreased CC was identified as a significant characteristic of patients with sarcopenia not detected in the simplified assessment. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnostic accuracy of possible sarcopenia for definitive sarcopenia is excellent. Sarcopenia should be actively examined in patients with extremely decreased CC.