C Ojeda Sánchez1, J Segú-Tell2, D Gomez-Barroso2, E Pardo Romaguera3, J A Ortega-García4, R Ramis5. 1. Albacete University Hospital, Albacete, Spain. Electronic address: casert.93@gmail.com. 2. National Epidemiology Centre, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain. 3. Spanish Registry of Childhood Tumours (RETI-SEHOP), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. 4. Pediatric Environmental Health Speciality Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Environment and Human Health (EH2) Lab., Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; European and Latin American Environment, Survival and Childhood Cancer Network (ENSUCHICA), Spain. 5. National Epidemiology Centre, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain; European and Latin American Environment, Survival and Childhood Cancer Network (ENSUCHICA), Spain.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Childhood leukemia is the most common childhood cancer. To date, few risk factors related to predisposition have been identified; therefore, new hypotheses should be considered. OBJECTIVE: To explore the possible relationship of residential proximity to urban green spaces on childhood leukemia. METHODS: We conducted a population-based case control study in the metropolitan area of Madrid from 2000 to 2015. It included 383 incident cases and 1935 controls, individually matched by birth year, sex and area of residence. Using the geographical coordinates of the participants' home residences, we built a proxy for exposure with four distances (250 m, 500 m, 750 m and 1 km) to urban parks (UPs) and urban wooded areas (UWAs). We employed logistic regression models to determinate the effect of them on childhood leukemia adjusting for environmental and socio-demographic covariates. RESULTS: we found a reduction in childhood leukemia incidence at a distance of 250 m from UPs (OR = 0.78; 95%CI = 0.62-0.98), as well as a reduction of the incidence in the Q3 and Q4 quintiles for exposure to UWAs, in the 250 m and 500 m buffers respectively (Q3 (250 m): OR = 0.69; 95%CI = 0.48-1.00; and, Q4 (500 m): OR = 0.69; 95%CI = 0.48-0.99). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest a possible association between lower incidence of childhood leukemia and proximity to different forms of urban green space. This study is a first approach to the possible urban green space effects on childhood leukemia so is necessary to continue studying this spaces taking into account more individual data and other environmental risk factors.
BACKGROUND:Childhood leukemia is the most common childhood cancer. To date, few risk factors related to predisposition have been identified; therefore, new hypotheses should be considered. OBJECTIVE: To explore the possible relationship of residential proximity to urban green spaces on childhood leukemia. METHODS: We conducted a population-based case control study in the metropolitan area of Madrid from 2000 to 2015. It included 383 incident cases and 1935 controls, individually matched by birth year, sex and area of residence. Using the geographical coordinates of the participants' home residences, we built a proxy for exposure with four distances (250 m, 500 m, 750 m and 1 km) to urban parks (UPs) and urban wooded areas (UWAs). We employed logistic regression models to determinate the effect of them on childhood leukemia adjusting for environmental and socio-demographic covariates. RESULTS: we found a reduction in childhood leukemia incidence at a distance of 250 m from UPs (OR = 0.78; 95%CI = 0.62-0.98), as well as a reduction of the incidence in the Q3 and Q4 quintiles for exposure to UWAs, in the 250 m and 500 m buffers respectively (Q3 (250 m): OR = 0.69; 95%CI = 0.48-1.00; and, Q4 (500 m): OR = 0.69; 95%CI = 0.48-0.99). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest a possible association between lower incidence of childhood leukemia and proximity to different forms of urban green space. This study is a first approach to the possible urban green space effects on childhood leukemia so is necessary to continue studying this spaces taking into account more individual data and other environmental risk factors.
Authors: Carlos Ojeda Sánchez; Javier García-Pérez; Diana Gómez-Barroso; Alejandro Domínguez-Castillo; Elena Pardo Romaguera; Adela Cañete; Juan A Ortega-García; Rebeca Ramis Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-04-25 Impact factor: 3.390