Li Fu1, Kevin C J Yuen2, Aye Nyein Tint1, Andrew R Hoffman3, Ariff T Bongso4, Kok Onn Lee1. 1. Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore. 2. Barrow Pituitary Center, Department of Neuroendocrinology and Neurosurgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine and Creighton School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA. kevin.yuen@dignityhealth.org. 3. Department of Medicine, VA Palo Alto Health Care System and Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA. 4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Previous studies have suggested the involvement of serum insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) in the regulation of the female reproductive system. Little is known of these peptides in the seminal plasma (SP) of men and their potential effects on fertility. We assessed SP levels of these peptides in infertile men with low sperm motility (asthenozoospermic; AZ) and low sperm counts (oligozoospermic; OZ), its effects on in vivo sperm motility, and whether there is a correlation with aging. METHODS: Twenty-eight infertile men (AZ; n = 18 and OZ; n = 10) and 20 fertile normozoospermic (NZ) men were studied. Seminal plasma IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were measured, and spermatozoa mRNA transcript patterns were examined. RESULTS: Asthenozoospermic men had higher SP IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2, and PSA levels than NZ and OZ men, whereas SP IGFBP-3 levels were similar between the three groups. Sperm count positively correlated with SP IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-2; sperm motility negatively correlated with SP IGF-II and IGFBP-2; and age correlated positively with SP IGF-II. The expression of IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA and mRNA receptors was detectable, but no variations in transcript levels were noted. CONCLUSION: Decreased sperm motility, but not sperm count, in infertile AZ men is associated with increased SP IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2, and PSA levels. Changes in SP IGFs and their interactions with IGFBPs and IGF receptors, and PSA levels suggest a role of these SP peptides in modulating sperm motility and possibly prostate disease development in aging men.
PURPOSE: Previous studies have suggested the involvement of serum insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) in the regulation of the female reproductive system. Little is known of these peptides in the seminal plasma (SP) of men and their potential effects on fertility. We assessed SP levels of these peptides in infertile men with low sperm motility (asthenozoospermic; AZ) and low sperm counts (oligozoospermic; OZ), its effects on in vivo sperm motility, and whether there is a correlation with aging. METHODS: Twenty-eight infertile men (AZ; n = 18 and OZ; n = 10) and 20 fertile normozoospermic (NZ) men were studied. Seminal plasma IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were measured, and spermatozoa mRNA transcript patterns were examined. RESULTS: Asthenozoospermic men had higher SP IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2, and PSA levels than NZ and OZ men, whereas SP IGFBP-3 levels were similar between the three groups. Sperm count positively correlated with SP IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-2; sperm motility negatively correlated with SP IGF-II and IGFBP-2; and age correlated positively with SP IGF-II. The expression of IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA and mRNA receptors was detectable, but no variations in transcript levels were noted. CONCLUSION: Decreased sperm motility, but not sperm count, in infertile AZ men is associated with increased SP IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2, and PSA levels. Changes in SP IGFs and their interactions with IGFBPs and IGF receptors, and PSA levels suggest a role of these SP peptides in modulating sperm motility and possibly prostate disease development in aging men.