Harriet Rumgay1, Kevin Shield2, Hadrien Charvat3, Pietro Ferrari4, Bundit Sornpaisarn5, Isidore Obot6, Farhad Islami7, Valery E P P Lemmens8, Jürgen Rehm9, Isabelle Soerjomataram3. 1. Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. Electronic address: rumgayh@students.iarc.fr. 2. Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. 3. Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. 4. Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. 5. Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. 6. Centre for Research and Information on Substance Abuse, Uyo, Nigeria. 7. Surveillance and Health Equity Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA. 8. Department of Research, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization, Utrecht, Netherlands; Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands. 9. Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of International Health Projects, Institute for Leadership and Health Management, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, and Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Longitudinal Studies, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Alcohol use is causally linked to multiple cancers. We present global, regional, and national estimates of alcohol-attributable cancer burden in 2020 to inform alcohol policy and cancer control across different settings globally. METHODS: In this population-based study, population attributable fractions (PAFs) calculated using a theoretical minimum-risk exposure of lifetime abstention and 2010 alcohol consumption estimates from the Global Information System on Alcohol and Health (assuming a 10-year latency period between alcohol consumption and cancer diagnosis), combined with corresponding relative risk estimates from systematic literature reviews as part of the WCRF Continuous Update Project, were applied to cancer incidence data from GLOBOCAN 2020 to estimate new cancer cases attributable to alcohol. We also calculated the contribution of moderate (<20 g per day), risky (20-60 g per day), and heavy (>60 g per day) drinking to the total alcohol-attributable cancer burden, as well as the contribution by 10 g per day increment (up to a maximum of 150 g). 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) were estimated using a Monte Carlo-like approach. FINDINGS: Globally, an estimated 741 300 (95% UI 558 500-951 200), or 4·1% (3·1-5·3), of all new cases of cancer in 2020 were attributable to alcohol consumption. Males accounted for 568 700 (76·7%; 95% UI 422 500-731 100) of total alcohol-attributable cancer cases, and cancers of the oesophagus (189 700 cases [110 900-274 600]), liver (154 700 cases [43 700-281 500]), and breast (98 300 cases [68 200-130 500]) contributed the most cases. PAFs were lowest in northern Africa (0·3% [95% UI 0·1-3·3]) and western Asia (0·7% [0·5-1·2]), and highest in eastern Asia (5·7% [3·6-7·9]) and central and eastern Europe (5·6% [4·6-6·6]). The largest burden of alcohol-attributable cancers was represented by heavy drinking (346 400 [46·7%; 95% UI 227 900-489 400] cases) and risky drinking (291 800 [39·4%; 227 700-333 100] cases), whereas moderate drinking contributed 103 100 (13·9%; 82 600-207 200) cases, and drinking up to 10 g per day contributed 41 300 (35 400-145 800) cases. INTERPRETATION: Our findings highlight the need for effective policy and interventions to increase awareness of cancer risks associated with alcohol use and decrease overall alcohol consumption to prevent the burden of alcohol-attributable cancers. FUNDING: None.
BACKGROUND:Alcohol use is causally linked to multiple cancers. We present global, regional, and national estimates of alcohol-attributable cancer burden in 2020 to inform alcohol policy and cancer control across different settings globally. METHODS: In this population-based study, population attributable fractions (PAFs) calculated using a theoretical minimum-risk exposure of lifetime abstention and 2010 alcohol consumption estimates from the Global Information System on Alcohol and Health (assuming a 10-year latency period between alcohol consumption and cancer diagnosis), combined with corresponding relative risk estimates from systematic literature reviews as part of the WCRF Continuous Update Project, were applied to cancer incidence data from GLOBOCAN 2020 to estimate new cancer cases attributable to alcohol. We also calculated the contribution of moderate (<20 g per day), risky (20-60 g per day), and heavy (>60 g per day) drinking to the total alcohol-attributable cancer burden, as well as the contribution by 10 g per day increment (up to a maximum of 150 g). 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) were estimated using a Monte Carlo-like approach. FINDINGS: Globally, an estimated 741 300 (95% UI 558 500-951 200), or 4·1% (3·1-5·3), of all new cases of cancer in 2020 were attributable to alcohol consumption. Males accounted for 568 700 (76·7%; 95% UI 422 500-731 100) of total alcohol-attributable cancer cases, and cancers of the oesophagus (189 700 cases [110 900-274 600]), liver (154 700 cases [43 700-281 500]), and breast (98 300 cases [68 200-130 500]) contributed the most cases. PAFs were lowest in northern Africa (0·3% [95% UI 0·1-3·3]) and western Asia (0·7% [0·5-1·2]), and highest in eastern Asia (5·7% [3·6-7·9]) and central and eastern Europe (5·6% [4·6-6·6]). The largest burden of alcohol-attributable cancers was represented by heavy drinking (346 400 [46·7%; 95% UI 227 900-489 400] cases) and risky drinking (291 800 [39·4%; 227 700-333 100] cases), whereas moderate drinking contributed 103 100 (13·9%; 82 600-207 200) cases, and drinking up to 10 g per day contributed 41 300 (35 400-145 800) cases. INTERPRETATION: Our findings highlight the need for effective policy and interventions to increase awareness of cancer risks associated with alcohol use and decrease overall alcohol consumption to prevent the burden of alcohol-attributable cancers. FUNDING: None.
Authors: Rubén López-Bueno; Lars Louis Andersen; Joaquín Calatayud; José Casaña; Igor Grabovac; Moritz Oberndorfer; Borja Del Pozo Cruz Journal: Age Ageing Date: 2022-05-01 Impact factor: 12.782
Authors: Catharina J Alberts; Gary M Clifford; Damien Georges; Francesco Negro; Olufunmilayo A Lesi; Yvan J-F Hutin; Catherine de Martel Journal: Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol Date: 2022-05-14
Authors: Amy C Justice; Matthew B Goetz; Cameron N Stewart; Brenna C Hogan; Elizabeth Humes; Paula M Luz; Jessica L Castilho; Denis Nash; Ellen Brazier; Beverly Musick; Constantin Yiannoutsos; Karen Malateste; Antoine Jaquet; Morna Cornell; Tinei Shamu; Reena Rajasuriar; Awachana Jiamsakul; Keri N Althoff Journal: Lancet HIV Date: 2022-02-23 Impact factor: 16.070
Authors: Susan M Gapstur; Elisa V Bandera; David H Jernigan; Noelle K LoConte; Brian G Southwell; Vasilis Vasiliou; Abenaa M Brewster; Timothy S Naimi; Courtney L Scherr; Kevin D Shield Journal: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev Date: 2021-11-02 Impact factor: 4.090
Authors: Cristian Ramos-Vera; Antonio Serpa Barrientos; Yaquelin E Calizaya-Milla; Claudia Carvajal Guillen; Jacksaint Saintila Journal: J Prim Care Community Health Date: 2022 Jan-Dec