Quantum inspired community detection for analysis of biodiversity change driven by land-use conversion and climate change.

Community detection remains little explored in the analysis of biodiversity change. The challenges linked with global biodiversity change have also multiplied manifold in the past few decades. Moreover, most studies concerning biodiversity change lack the quantitative treatment central to species distribution modeling. Empirical analysis of species distribution and abundance is thus integral to the study of biodiversity loss and biodiversity alterations. Community detection is therefore expected to efficiently model the topological aspect of biodiversity change driven by land-use conversion and climate change; given that it has already proven superior for diverse problems in the domain of social network analysis and subgroup discovery in complex systems. Thus, quantum inspired community detection is proposed as a novel technique to predict biodiversity change considering tiger population in eighteen states of India; leading to benchmarking of two novel datasets. Elements of land-use conversion and climate change are explored to design these datasets viz.-Landscape based distribution and Number of tiger reserves based distribution respectively; for predicting regions expected to maximize Tiger population growth. Furthermore, validation of the proposed framework on the said datasets is performed using standard community detection metrics like-Modularity, Normalized Mutual Information (NMI), Adjusted Rand Index (ARI), Degree distribution, Degree centrality and Edge-betweenness centrality. Quantum inspired community detection has also been successful in demonstrating an association between biodiversity change, land-use conversion and climate change; validated statistically by Pearson's correlation coefficient and p value test. Finally, modularity distribution based on parameter tuning establishes the superiority of the second dataset based on the number of Tiger reserves-in predicting regions maximizing Tiger population growth fostering species distribution and abundance; apart from scripting a stronger correlation of biodiversity change with land-use conversion.