Cardiorenal Syndrome: An Important Subject in Nephrocardiology.

Coexisting dysfunction of heart and kidney, the cardiorenal syndrome, is a common condition and is associated with worsening of outcomes and complexities of diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic approaches. The knowledge of the physiology of heart and kidney and their interaction with each other and with other organ systems has progressed significantly in recent years, resulting in a better understanding of the pathogenesis of cardiorenal syndrome. A robust knowledge of the pathophysiology and of the latest practical advancements about cardiorenal syndrome is necessary for cardiologists, nephrologists, and other practitioners who provide medical care to the patients with heart and kidney diseases.