Esha Bansal1, Hsiao-Hsien Hsu2, Erik de Water3, Sandra Martínez-Medina4, Lourdes Schnaas5, Allan C Just6, Megan Horton7, David C Bellinger8, Martha M Téllez-Rojo9, Robert O Wright10. 1. Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 East 102nd Street, 3 West, New York, NY, United States. Electronic address: esha.bansal@icahn.mssm.edu. 2. Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 East 102nd Street, 3 West, New York, NY, United States. Electronic address: leon.hsu@mssm.edu. 3. Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, 2450 Riverside Avenue, Minneapolis, MN, United States. Electronic address: dewat003@umn.edu. 4. Division of Community Interventions Research, National Institute of Perinatology, Calle Montes Urales 800, Miguel Hidalgo, Lomas Virreyes, Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address: sandys65.sm@gmail.com. 5. Division of Community Interventions Research, National Institute of Perinatology, Calle Montes Urales 800, Miguel Hidalgo, Lomas Virreyes, Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address: lschnaas@hotmail.com. 6. Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 East 102nd Street, 3 West, New York, NY, United States. Electronic address: allan.just@mssm.edu. 7. Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 East 102nd Street, 3 West, New York, NY, United States. Electronic address: megan.horton@mssm.edu. 8. Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, United States. Electronic address: david.bellinger@childrens.harvard.edu. 9. Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. Electronic address: mmtellez@insp.mx. 10. Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 East 102nd Street, 3 West, New York, NY, United States; The Institute for Exposomics Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 East 102nd Street, 3 West, New York, NY, United States. Electronic address: robert.wright@mssm.edu.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) is an important, under-studied risk factor for neurodevelopmental dysfunction. We describe the relationships between prenatal PM2.5 exposure and vigilance and inhibitory control, executive functions related to multiple health outcomes in Mexico City children. METHODS: We studied 320 children enrolled in Programming Research in Obesity, GRowth, Environment and Social Stressors, a longitudinal birth cohort study in Mexico City. We used a spatio-temporal model to estimate daily prenatal PM2.5 exposure at each participant's residential address. At age 9-10 years, children performed three Go/No-Go tasks, which measure vigilance and inhibitory control ability. We used Latent class analysis (LCA) to classify performance into subgroups that reflected neurocognitive performance and applied multivariate regression and distributed lag regression modeling (DLM) to test overall and time-dependent associations between prenatal PM2.5 exposure and Go/No-Go performance. RESULTS: LCA detected two Go/No-Go phenotypes: high performers (Class 1) and low performers (Class 2). Predicting odds of Class 1 vs Class 2 membership based on prenatal PM2.5 exposure timing, logistic regression modeling showed that average prenatal PM2.5 exposure in the second and third trimesters correlated with increased odds of membership in low-performance Class 2 (OR = 1.59 (1.16, 2.17), p = 0.004). Additionally, DLM analysis identified a critical window consisting of gestational days 103-268 (second and third trimesters) in which prenatal PM2.5 exposure predicted poorer Go/No-Go performance. DISCUSSION: Increased prenatal PM2.5 exposure predicted decreased vigilance and inhibitory control at age 9-10 years. These findings highlight the second and third trimesters of gestation as critical windows of PM2.5 exposure for the development of vigilance and inhibitory control in preadolescent children. Because childhood development of vigilance and inhibitory control informs behavior, academic performance, and self-regulation into adulthood, these results may help to describe the relationship of prenatal PM2.5 exposure to long-term health and psychosocial outcomes. The integrative methodology of this study also contributes to a shift towards more holistic analysis.
INTRODUCTION: Prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) is an important, under-studied risk factor for neurodevelopmental dysfunction. We describe the relationships between prenatal PM2.5 exposure and vigilance and inhibitory control, executive functions related to multiple health outcomes in Mexico City children. METHODS: We studied 320 children enrolled in Programming Research in Obesity, GRowth, Environment and Social Stressors, a longitudinal birth cohort study in Mexico City. We used a spatio-temporal model to estimate daily prenatal PM2.5 exposure at each participant's residential address. At age 9-10 years, children performed three Go/No-Go tasks, which measure vigilance and inhibitory control ability. We used Latent class analysis (LCA) to classify performance into subgroups that reflected neurocognitive performance and applied multivariate regression and distributed lag regression modeling (DLM) to test overall and time-dependent associations between prenatal PM2.5 exposure and Go/No-Go performance. RESULTS: LCA detected two Go/No-Go phenotypes: high performers (Class 1) and low performers (Class 2). Predicting odds of Class 1 vs Class 2 membership based on prenatal PM2.5 exposure timing, logistic regression modeling showed that average prenatal PM2.5 exposure in the second and third trimesters correlated with increased odds of membership in low-performance Class 2 (OR = 1.59 (1.16, 2.17), p = 0.004). Additionally, DLM analysis identified a critical window consisting of gestational days 103-268 (second and third trimesters) in which prenatal PM2.5 exposure predicted poorer Go/No-Go performance. DISCUSSION: Increased prenatal PM2.5 exposure predicted decreased vigilance and inhibitory control at age 9-10 years. These findings highlight the second and third trimesters of gestation as critical windows of PM2.5 exposure for the development of vigilance and inhibitory control in preadolescent children. Because childhood development of vigilance and inhibitory control informs behavior, academic performance, and self-regulation into adulthood, these results may help to describe the relationship of prenatal PM2.5 exposure to long-term health and psychosocial outcomes. The integrative methodology of this study also contributes to a shift towards more holistic analysis.
Authors: Marion Mortamais; Jesus Pujol; Gerard Martínez-Vilavella; Raquel Fenoll; Christelle Reynes; Robert Sabatier; Ioar Rivas; Joan Forns; Natàlia Vilor-Tejedor; Silvia Alemany; Marta Cirach; Mar Alvarez-Pedrerol; Mark Nieuwenhuijsen; Jordi Sunyer Journal: Environ Res Date: 2019-09-07 Impact factor: 6.498
Authors: Dora Cserbik; Jiu-Chiuan Chen; Rob McConnell; Kiros Berhane; Elizabeth R Sowell; Joel Schwartz; Daniel A Hackman; Eric Kan; Chun C Fan; Megan M Herting Journal: Environ Int Date: 2020-07-10 Impact factor: 9.621
Authors: Laura A McGuinn; David C Bellinger; Elena Colicino; Brent A Coull; Allan C Just; Itai Kloog; Erika Osorio-Valencia; Lourdes Schnaas; Rosalind J Wright; Martha M Téllez-Rojo; Robert O Wright; Megan K Horton Journal: Neurotoxicology Date: 2020-09-17 Impact factor: 4.398
Authors: Joseph M Braun; Rosalind J Wright; Allan C Just; Melinda C Power; Marcela Tamayo Y Ortiz; Lourdes Schnaas; Howard Hu; Robert O Wright; Martha Maria Tellez-Rojo Journal: Environ Health Date: 2014-06-10 Impact factor: 5.984
Authors: Paolo Girardi; Silvia Lanfranchi; Libera Ylenia Mastromatteo; Massimo Stafoggia; Sara Scrimin Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-11-05 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Amy E Margolis; Jacob W Cohen; Bruce Ramphal; Lauren Thomas; Virginia Rauh; Julie Herbstman; David Pagliaccio Journal: Biol Psychiatry Glob Open Sci Date: 2022-05-30