GO Enrichment Analysis for Differential Proteomics Using ProteoRE.

With the increased simplicity of producing proteomics data, the bottleneck has now shifted to the functional analysis of large lists of proteins to translate this primary level of information into meaningful biological knowledge. Tools implementing such approach are a powerful way to gain biological insights related to their samples, provided that biologists/clinicians have access to computational solutions even when they have little programming experience or bioinformatics support. To achieve this goal, we designed ProteoRE (Proteomics Research Environment), a unified online research service that provides end-users with a set of tools to interpret their proteomics data in a collaborative and reproducible manner. ProteoRE is built upon the Galaxy framework, a workflow system allowing for data and analysis persistence, and providing user interfaces to facilitate the interaction with tools dedicated to the functional and the visual analysis of proteomics datasets. A set of tools relying on computational methods selected for their complementarity in terms of functional analysis was developed and made accessible via the ProteoRE web portal. In this chapter, a step-by-step protocol linking these tools is designed to perform a functional annotation and GO-based enrichment analyses applied to a set of differentially expressed proteins as a use case. Analytical practices, guidelines as well as tips related to this strategy are also provided. Tools, datasets, and results are freely available at http://www.proteore.org , allowing researchers to reuse them.