Yongtae Kim1, Jung Jae Park2, Chan Kyo Kim1,3,4. 1. Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 2. Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. 3. Department of Medical Device Management and Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 4. Department of Digital Health, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Blood oxygenation-level dependent (BOLD) MRI may identify or quantify the regional distribution of hypoxia within a tumor. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of BOLD MRI at 3 T in differentiating prostate cancer from benign tissue. METHODS: A total of 145 patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer underwent BOLD MRI at 3 T. BOLD MRI was performed using a multiple fast field echo sequence to acquire 12 T2*-weighted images. The R2* value (rate of relaxation, s-1) was measured in the index tumor, and benign peripheral (PZ) and transition zone (TZ), and the results were compared. The variability of R2* measurements was evaluated. RESULTS: Tumor R2* values (25.95 s-1) were significantly different from the benign PZ (27.83 s-1) and benign TZ (21.66 s-1) (p < 0.001). For identifying the tumor, the area under the receiver operating characteristic of R2* was 0.606, with an optimal cut-off value of 22.8 s-1 resulting in 73.8% sensitivity and 52% specificity. In the Bland-Altman test, the mean differences in R2* values were 8.5% for tumors, 13.3% for benign PZ, and 6.8% for benign TZ. No associations between tumor R2* value and Gleason score, age, prostate volume, prostate-specific antigen, or tumor size. CONCLUSION: BOLD MRI at 3 T appears to be a feasible tool for differentiating between prostate cancer and benign tissue. However, further studies are required for a direct clinical application. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: The R2* values are significantly different among prostate cancer, benign PZ, and benign TZ.
OBJECTIVE: Blood oxygenation-level dependent (BOLD) MRI may identify or quantify the regional distribution of hypoxia within a tumor. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of BOLD MRI at 3 T in differentiating prostate cancer from benign tissue. METHODS: A total of 145 patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer underwent BOLD MRI at 3 T. BOLD MRI was performed using a multiple fast field echo sequence to acquire 12 T2*-weighted images. The R2* value (rate of relaxation, s-1) was measured in the index tumor, and benign peripheral (PZ) and transition zone (TZ), and the results were compared. The variability of R2* measurements was evaluated. RESULTS: Tumor R2* values (25.95 s-1) were significantly different from the benign PZ (27.83 s-1) and benign TZ (21.66 s-1) (p < 0.001). For identifying the tumor, the area under the receiver operating characteristic of R2* was 0.606, with an optimal cut-off value of 22.8 s-1 resulting in 73.8% sensitivity and 52% specificity. In the Bland-Altman test, the mean differences in R2* values were 8.5% for tumors, 13.3% for benign PZ, and 6.8% for benign TZ. No associations between tumor R2* value and Gleason score, age, prostate volume, prostate-specific antigen, or tumor size. CONCLUSION: BOLD MRI at 3 T appears to be a feasible tool for differentiating between prostate cancer and benign tissue. However, further studies are required for a direct clinical application. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: The R2* values are significantly different among prostate cancer, benign PZ, and benign TZ.
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