Taotao Yan1, Jianhui Xue2, Zhidong Zhou3, Yongbo Wu4. 1. College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China; Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China. Electronic address: ecologyan@njfu.edu.cn. 2. College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China; Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China; Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China. Electronic address: jhxue@njfu.edu.cn. 3. Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China; Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China. 4. College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China; Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.
Abstract
Biochar-based fertilizer amendment can improve soil properties partly due to stimulated microbial activities and growths. The karst ecosystem is prone to degradation and accounts for a large proportion of southwest China. Understanding of the response of the microbial community structure to biochar-based fertilizer application is of great significance in karst soil restoration. A field experiment located in southwest China was conducted in typical karst soil, and a high-throughput sequencing approach was used to investigate the effect of biochar-based fertilizer application on microbial community structure in karst soil. Field trials were set up for 24 months using the following treatments: control (CK), compost plus NPK fertilizer (MF), biochar (B), less biochar (half the quantity of biochar in B) plus compost and NPK fertilizer (B1MF), biochar plus compost and NPK fertilizer (BMF), and more biochar (double the quantity of biochar in B) plus compost and NPK fertilizer (B4MF). The results elucidated that BMF and B4MF treatments had higher contents of soil carbon and soil nutrients N, P, and K than the other treatments. Soil microbial abundance and diversity were significantly increased by biochar-based fertilizer amendments (BMF and B4MF), compared to CK (P < 0.05). BMF and B4MF treatments significantly increased the relative abundance of dominant microorganisms, compared to CK (P < 0.05). The difference in the composition of indicator microbes between each treated group indicated that soil amendments altered the microbial community structure. There was a strong correlation between soil properties (soil C-, N-, and P-fractions) and microbial community structure. Furthermore, network analysis revealed that the addition of biochar-based fertilizer increased the scale and complexity of the microbial co-occurrence network. To summarize, the application of biochar-based fertilizer enabled more keystone species in the soil microbial network to participate in soil carbon resource management and soil nutrient cycling, indicating that biochar-based fertilizer is beneficial for the restoration of karst-degraded soils.
Biochar-based fertilizer amendment can improve soil properties partly due to stimulated microbial activities and growths. The karst ecosystem is prone to degradation and accounts for a large proportion of southwest China. Understanding of the response of the microbial community structure to biochar-based fertilizer application is of great significance in karst soil restoration. A field experiment located in southwest China was conducted in typical karst soil, and a high-throughput sequencing approach was used to investigate the effect of biochar-based fertilizer application on microbial community structure in karst soil. Field trials were set up for 24 months using the following treatments: control (CK), compost plus NPK fertilizer (MF), biochar (B), less biochar (half the quanpan>tity of biochar in B) plus compost anpan>d NPK fertilizer (B1MF), biochar plus compost anpan>d NPK fertilizer (BMF), anpan>d more biochar (double the quanpan>tity of biochar in B) plus compost anpan>d NPK fertilizer (B4MF). The results elucidated that BMF anpan>d B4MF treatments had higher conpan>tents of soil pan> class="Chemical">carbon and soil nutrients N, P, and K than the other treatments. Soil microbial abundance and diversity were significantly increased by biochar-based fertilizer amendments (BMF and B4MF), compared to CK (P < 0.05). BMF and B4MF treatments significantly increased the relative abundance of dominant microorganisms, compared to CK (P < 0.05). The difference in the composition of indicator microbes between each treated group indicated that soil amendments altered the microbial community structure. There was a strong correlation between soil properties (soil C-, N-, and P-fractions) and microbial community structure. Furthermore, network analysis revealed that the addition of biochar-based fertilizer increased the scale and complexity of the microbial co-occurrence network. To summarize, the application of biochar-based fertilizer enabled more keystone species in the soil microbial network to participate in soil carbon resource management and soil nutrient cycling, indicating that biochar-based fertilizer is beneficial for the restoration of karst-degraded soils.