Laura Koljonen1,2, Maria Enlund-Cerullo1,2,3, Helena Hauta-Alus2,3,4,5, Elisa Holmlund-Suila2,3, Saara Valkama2,3, Jenni Rosendahl2,3, Sture Andersson3, Minna Pekkinen1,2,3, Outi Mäkitie1,2,3,6. 1. Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland. 2. Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland. 3. Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. 4. National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland. 5. PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. 6. Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Abstract
CONTEXT: Phosphate homeostasis and its modifiers in early childhood are inadequately characterized. OBJECTIVE: To determine physiological plasma phosphate concentration and modifying factors in healthy infants at 12 to 24 months of age. DESIGN: This study included 525 healthy infants (53% girls), who participated in a randomized vitamin D intervention (VIDI) trial and receiveddaily vitamin D3 supplementation of either 10 or 30 μg from age two weeks to 24 months. Biochemical parameters were measured at 12 and 24 months. Dietary phosphate intake was determined at 12 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Plasma phosphate concentrations at 12 and 24 months of age. RESULTS:Mean (SD) phosphate concentration decreased from 12 months (1.9±0.15 mmol/L) to 24 months (1.6±0.17 mmol/L) of age (p<0.001 for repeated measurements). When adjusted by covariates, such as body size, creatinine, 25OHD, intact and C-terminalFGF23, mean plasma phosphate was higher in boys than girls during follow-up (p=0.019). Phosphate concentrations were similar in the vitamin D intervention groups (p>0.472 for all). Plasma iron was associated positively with plasma phosphate at both time points (B, 0.006 and 0.005, 95% CI 0.004 to 0.009 and 0.002 to 0.008, p<0.001 at both time points, respectively). At 24 months of age, the main modifier of phosphate concentration was plasma creatinine (B, 0.007, 95% CI 0.003 to 0.011, p<0.001). CONCLUSION:Plasma phosphate concentration decreased from age 12 to 24 months. In infants and toddlers, the strongest plasma phosphate modifiers were sex, iron, and creatinine, whereas vitamin D supplementation did not modify phosphate concentrations.
RCT Entities:
CONTEXT: Phosphate homeostasis and its modifiers in early childhood are inadequately characterized. OBJECTIVE: To determine physiological plasma phosphate concentration and modifying factors in healthy infants at 12 to 24 months of age. DESIGN: This study included 525 healthy infants (53% girls), who participated in a randomized vitamin D intervention (VIDI) trial and received daily vitamin D3 supplementation of either 10 or 30 μg from age two weeks to 24 months. Biochemical parameters were measured at 12 and 24 months. Dietary phosphate intake was determined at 12 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Plasma phosphate concentrations at 12 and 24 months of age. RESULTS: Mean (SD) phosphate concentration decreased from 12 months (1.9±0.15 mmol/L) to 24 months (1.6±0.17 mmol/L) of age (p<0.001 for repeated measurements). When adjusted by covariates, such as body size, creatinine, 25OHD, intact and C-terminal FGF23, mean plasma phosphate was higher in boys than girls during follow-up (p=0.019). Phosphate concentrations were similar in the vitamin D intervention groups (p>0.472 for all). Plasma iron was associated positively with plasma phosphate at both time points (B, 0.006 and 0.005, 95% CI 0.004 to 0.009 and 0.002 to 0.008, p<0.001 at both time points, respectively). At 24 months of age, the main modifier of phosphate concentration was plasma creatinine (B, 0.007, 95% CI 0.003 to 0.011, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Plasma phosphate concentration decreased from age 12 to 24 months. In infants and toddlers, the strongest plasma phosphate modifiers were sex, iron, and creatinine, whereas vitamin D supplementation did not modify phosphate concentrations.
Authors: Fahad Aljuraibah; Justine Bacchetta; Maria Luisa Brandi; Pablo Florenzano; Muhammad K Javaid; Outimaija Mäkitie; Adalbert Raimann; Mariano Rodriguez; Heide Siggelkow; Dov Tiosano; Marc Vervloet; Carsten A Wagner Journal: J Bone Miner Res Date: 2021-12-23 Impact factor: 6.390