Flaviane Vieira-Santos1, Thaís Leal-Silva1, Luiza de Lima Silva Padrão1, Ana Cristina Loiola Ruas1, Denise Silva Nogueira1, Lucas Kraemer1, Fabrício Marcus Silva Oliveira1, Marcelo Vidigal Caliari2, Remo Castro Russo3, Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara1, Lilian Lacerda Bueno4. 1. Laboratory of Immunology and Genomics of Parasites, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. 2. Laboratory of Protozooses, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of General Pathology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. 3. Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Mechanics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. 4. Laboratory of Immunology and Genomics of Parasites, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. llbueno@icb.ufmg.br.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Ascariasis and malaria are highly prevalent parasitic diseases in tropical regions and often have overlapping endemic areas, contributing to high morbidity and mortality rates in areas with poor sanitary conditions. Several studies have previously aimed to correlate the effects of Ascaris-Plasmodium coinfections but have obtained contradictory and inconclusive results. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate parasitological and immunopathological aspects of the lung during murine experimental concomitant coinfection by Plasmodium berghei and Ascaris suum during larvae ascariasis. METHODS: C57BL/6J mice were inoculated with 1 × 104 P. berghei strain NK65-NY-infected red blood cells (iRBCs) intraperitoneally and/or 2500 embryonated eggs of A. suum by oral gavage. P. berghei parasitaemia, morbidity and the survival rate were assessed. On the seventh day postinfection (dpi), A. suum lung burden analysis; bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL); histopathology; NAG, MPO and EPO activity measurements; haematological analysis; and respiratory mechanics analysis were performed. The concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-12/IL-23p40, IL-6, IL-4, IL-33, IL-13, IL-5, IL-10, IL-17A, IFN-γ, TNF and TGF-β were assayed by sandwich ELISA. RESULTS: Animals coinfected with P. berghei and A. suum show decreased production of type 1, 2, and 17 and regulatory cytokines; low leukocyte recruitment in the tissue; increased cellularity in the circulation; and low levels of NAG, MPO and EPO activity that lead to an increase in larvae migration, as shown by the decrease in larvae recovered in the lung parenchyma and increase in larvae recovered in the airway. This situation leads to severe airway haemorrhage and, consequently, an impairment respiratory function that leads to high morbidity and early mortality. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that the Ascaris-Plasmodium interaction is harmful to the host and suggests that this coinfection may potentiate Ascaris-associated pathology by dampening the Ascaris-specific immune response, resulting in the early death of affected animals.
BACKGROUND:Ascariasis and malaria are highly prevalent parasitic diseases in tropical regions and often have overlapping endemic areas, contributing to high morbidity and mortality rates in areas with poor sanitary conditions. Several studies have previously aimed to correlate the effects of Ascaris-Plasmodium coinfections but have obtained contradictory and inconclusive results. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate parasitological and immunopathological aspects of the lung during murine experimental concomitant coinfection by Plasmodium berghei and Ascaris suum during larvae ascariasis. METHODS: C57BL/6J mice were inoculated with 1 × 104 P. berghei strain NK65-NY-infected red blood cells (iRBCs) intraperitoneally and/or 2500 embryonated eggs of A. suum by oral gavage. P. berghei parasitaemia, morbidity and the survival rate were assessed. On the seventh day postinfection (dpi), A. suum lung burden analysis; bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL); histopathology; NAG, MPO and EPO activity measurements; haematological analysis; and respiratory mechanics analysis were performed. The concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-12/IL-23p40, IL-6, IL-4, IL-33, IL-13, IL-5, IL-10, IL-17A, IFN-γ, TNF and TGF-β were assayed by sandwich ELISA. RESULTS: Animals coinfected with P. berghei and A. suum show decreased production of type 1, 2, and 17 and regulatory cytokines; low leukocyte recruitment in the tissue; increased cellularity in the circulation; and low levels of NAG, MPO and EPO activity that lead to an increase in larvae migration, as shown by the decrease in larvae recovered in the lung parenchyma and increase in larvae recovered in the airway. This situation leads to severe airway haemorrhage and, consequently, an impairment respiratory function that leads to high morbidity and early mortality. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that the Ascaris-Plasmodium interaction is harmful to the host and suggests that this coinfection may potentiate Ascaris-associated pathology by dampening the Ascaris-specific immune response, resulting in the early death of affected animals.
Authors: Jeffrey Bethony; Simon Brooker; Marco Albonico; Stefan M Geiger; Alex Loukas; David Diemert; Peter J Hotez Journal: Lancet Date: 2006-05-06 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Peter J Hotez; Miriam Alvarado; María-Gloria Basáñez; Ian Bolliger; Rupert Bourne; Michel Boussinesq; Simon J Brooker; Ami Shah Brown; Geoffrey Buckle; Christine M Budke; Hélène Carabin; Luc E Coffeng; Eric M Fèvre; Thomas Fürst; Yara A Halasa; Rashmi Jasrasaria; Nicole E Johns; Jennifer Keiser; Charles H King; Rafael Lozano; Michele E Murdoch; Simon O'Hanlon; Sébastien D S Pion; Rachel L Pullan; Kapa D Ramaiah; Thomas Roberts; Donald S Shepard; Jennifer L Smith; Wilma A Stolk; Eduardo A Undurraga; Jürg Utzinger; Mengru Wang; Christopher J L Murray; Mohsen Naghavi Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2014-07-24
Authors: Ana Clara Gazzinelli-Guimarães; Denise Silva Nogueira; Chiara Cássia Oliveira Amorim; Fabrício Marcus Silva Oliveira; Anderson Coqueiro-Dos-Santos; Samuel Alexandre Pimenta Carvalho; Lucas Kraemer; Fernando Sérgio Barbosa; Vanessa Gomes Fraga; Flaviane Vieira Santos; Joseane Camilla de Castro; Remo Castro Russo; Milena Apetito Akamatsu; Paulo Lee Ho; Maria Elena Bottazzi; Peter J Hotez; Bin Zhan; Daniella Castanheira Bartholomeu; Lilian Lacerda Bueno; Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2021-12-21 Impact factor: 7.561