Nam Ju Heo1, Hyo Eun Park2, Ji Won Yoon3, Min-Sun Kwak4, Jong In Yang4, Su Jin Chung4, Jeong Yoon Yim4, Goh Eun Chung4. 1. Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul 06236, Korea. 2. Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul 06236, Korea. 3. Department of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul 06236, Korea. 4. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul 03080, Korea.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: An association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and low vitamin D levels has been suggested. We investigated the relationship between vitamin D and NAFLD assessed by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of apparently healthy subjects who underwent Fibroscan during health screening tests. NAFLD was diagnosed using CAP values. RESULTS: Among the 1202 subjects (mean age 57.2 years, 60.6% male), 630 (52.4%) subjects had NAFLD with CAP ≥ 248 dB/m. Multivariable analysis was conducted after adjusting for metabolic risk factors including diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, body mass index, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride and smoking. Higher vitamin D levels showed a lower risk of NAFLD compared to the lowest quartile of vitamin D in a dose-dependent manner (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.47-1.00 in Q2 vs. Q1; OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.44-0.94 in Q3 vs. Q1; and OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.44-0.94 in Q4 vs. Q1). The highest quartile of vitamin D showed a decreased risk of a severe grade of steatosis (CAP ≥ 302 dB/m) compared to the lowest quartile (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.31-0.87 in Q4 vs. Q1). CONCLUSIONS: Higher levels of serum vitamin D were associated with a decreased risk of CAP-defined NAFLD, compared to low levels of serum vitamin D. The association between NAFLD and vitamin D suggests that vitamin D may exert a protective role against NAFLD.
BACKGROUND: An association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and low vitamin D levels has been suggested. We investigated the relationship between vitamin D and NAFLD assessed by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of apparently healthy subjects who underwent Fibroscan during health screening tests. NAFLD was diagnosed using CAP values. RESULTS: Among the 1202 subjects (mean age 57.2 years, 60.6% male), 630 (52.4%) subjects had NAFLD with CAP ≥ 248 dB/m. Multivariable analysis was conducted after adjusting for metabolic risk factors including diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, body mass index, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride and smoking. Higher vitamin D levels showed a lower risk of NAFLD compared to the lowest quartile of vitamin D in a dose-dependent manner (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.47-1.00 in Q2 vs. Q1; OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.44-0.94 in Q3 vs. Q1; and OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.44-0.94 in Q4 vs. Q1). The highest quartile of vitamin D showed a decreased risk of a severe grade of steatosis (CAP ≥ 302 dB/m) compared to the lowest quartile (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.31-0.87 in Q4 vs. Q1). CONCLUSIONS: Higher levels of serum vitamin D were associated with a decreased risk of CAP-defined NAFLD, compared to low levels of serum vitamin D. The association between NAFLD and vitamin D suggests that vitamin D may exert a protective role against NAFLD.
Authors: Yoo Min Han; Jooyoung Lee; Ji Min Choi; Min-Sun Kwak; Jong In Yang; Su Jin Chung; Jeong Yoon Yim; Goh Eun Chung Journal: PLoS One Date: 2021-12-13 Impact factor: 3.240