Ayumi Ihara-Nishishita1, Takashi Norikane1, Katsuya Mitamura1, Yuka Yamamoto2, Kengo Fujimoto1, Yasukage Takami1, Emi Ibuki3, Nobuyuki Kudomi4, Hiroshi Hoshikawa5, Jun Toyohara6, Yoshihiro Nishiyama1. 1. Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan. 2. Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan. yuka@med.kagawa-u.ac.jp. 3. Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan. 4. Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan. 5. Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan. 6. Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), human papillomavirus (HPV)/p16 status is important as a prognostic biomarker. PURPOSE: We evaluated the relationship between 4'-[methyl-11C]-thiothymidine (11C-4DST) and 18F-FDG PET texture indices and p16 status in patients with newly diagnosed OPSCC. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the collected data of 256 consecutive, previously untreated patients with primary head and neck tumors enrolled between November 2011 and October 2019. Complete data on both 11C-4DST and 18F-FDG PET/CT studies before therapy, patients with OPSCC, and p16 status were available for 34 patients. Six of them were excluded because they did not exhibit sufficient 11C-4DST and/or 18F-FDG tumor uptake to perform textural analysis. Finally, 28 patients with newly diagnosed OPSCC were investigated. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and 6 texture indices (homogeneity, entropy, short-run emphasis, long-run emphasis, low gray-level zone emphasis, and high gray-level zone emphasis) were derived from PET images. The presence of p16 expression in tumor specimens was examined by immunohistochemistry and compared with the PET parameters. RESULTS: Using 11C-4DST, the expression of p16 was associated with a higher homogeneity (P = 0.012), lower short-run emphasis (P = 0.005), higher long-run emphasis (P = 0.009), and lower high-gray-level-zone emphasis (P = 0.042) values. There was no significant difference between 18F-FDG PET parameters and p16 status. CONCLUSION: Texture indices of the primary tumor on 11C-4DST PET, but not 18F-FDG PET, may be of value in predicting the condition's p16 status in patients with newly diagnosed OPSCC.
BACKGROUND: In oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), human papillomavirus (HPV)/p16 status is important as a prognostic biomarker. PURPOSE: We evaluated the relationship between 4'-[methyl-11C]-thiothymidine (11C-4DST) and 18F-FDG PET texture indices and p16 status in patients with newly diagnosed OPSCC. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the collected data of 256 consecutive, previously untreated patients with primary head and neck tumors enrolled between November 2011 and October 2019. Complete data on both 11C-4DST and 18F-FDG PET/CT studies before therapy, patients with OPSCC, and p16 status were available for 34 patients. Six of them were excluded because they did not exhibit sufficient 11C-4DST and/or 18F-FDGtumor uptake to perform textural analysis. Finally, 28 patients with newly diagnosed OPSCC were investigated. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and 6 texture indices (homogeneity, entropy, short-run emphasis, long-run emphasis, low gray-level zone emphasis, and high gray-level zone emphasis) were derived from PET images. The presence of p16 expression in tumor specimens was examined by immunohistochemistry and compared with the PET parameters. RESULTS: Using 11C-4DST, the expression of p16 was associated with a higher homogeneity (P = 0.012), lower short-run emphasis (P = 0.005), higher long-run emphasis (P = 0.009), and lower high-gray-level-zone emphasis (P = 0.042) values. There was no significant difference between 18F-FDG PET parameters and p16 status. CONCLUSION: Texture indices of the primary tumor on 11C-4DST PET, but not 18F-FDG PET, may be of value in predicting the condition's p16 status in patients with newly diagnosed OPSCC.