Zaher Nazzal1, Beesan Maraqa2,3, Marah Abu Zant2, Layali Qaddoumi2, Rana Abdallah2. 1. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine. znazzal@najah.edu. 2. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine. 3. Primary Healthcare Directorate, Palestinian Ministry of Health, Ramallah, Palestine.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Many primary health care (PHC) clients come in with medically unexplained complaints, leading to frequent consultations and high usage of services and healthcare costs. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of somatic symptom disorder (SSD) among PHC attendees and explore its relation to other mental conditions and risk factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used to interview 400 attendees. Men and women aged over 18 years old without a psychiatric diagnosis were invited to participate. The Somatization scale of the Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire was used to assess somatic symptom disorders. It is a valid tool to be used in a PHC setting. We used the Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression to explore determinant variables. RESULTS: Prevalence of SSD was 32.5% (95%CI = 27.9-37.1%). The most common symptoms were painful muscles (61.5%) followed by back pain (52.3%). Female gender [adjusted OR = 2.1 (95% CI = 1.2-3.7)], chronic diseases [adjusted OR = 2.4 (95%CI = 1.3-4.5)], depression [adjusted OR = 3.3 (95%CI = 2.0-5.5)], and anxiety [adjusted OR = 2.1 (95%CI = 1.2-3.6)] were all associated with SSD. In addition, frequent primary health care attendance was found to be associated with SSD [adjusted OR = 2.4 (95%CI = 1.4-4.1)]. CONCLUSIONS: SSD significantly higher among females, patients with chronic diseases, clients with anxiety and depressive disorders, and patients with frequent doctors' visits. Painful muscles and back pain are the most common symptom presented by patients, and this could be used initially by PHC physicians as a signal to consider for screening.
BACKGROUND: Many primary health care (PHC) clients come in with medically unexplained complaints, leading to frequent consultations and high usage of services and healthcare costs. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of somatic symptom disorder (SSD) among PHC attendees and explore its relation to other mental conditions and risk factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used to interview 400 attendees. Men and women aged over 18 years old without a psychiatric diagnosis were invited to participate. The Somatization scale of the Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire was used to assess somatic symptom disorders. It is a valid tool to be used in a PHC setting. We used the Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression to explore determinant variables. RESULTS: Prevalence of SSD was 32.5% (95%CI = 27.9-37.1%). The most common symptoms were painful muscles (61.5%) followed by back pain (52.3%). Female gender [adjusted OR = 2.1 (95% CI = 1.2-3.7)], chronic diseases [adjusted OR = 2.4 (95%CI = 1.3-4.5)], depression [adjusted OR = 3.3 (95%CI = 2.0-5.5)], and anxiety [adjusted OR = 2.1 (95%CI = 1.2-3.6)] were all associated with SSD. In addition, frequent primary health care attendance was found to be associated with SSD [adjusted OR = 2.4 (95%CI = 1.4-4.1)]. CONCLUSIONS:SSD significantly higher among females, patients with chronic diseases, clients with anxiety and depressive disorders, and patients with frequent doctors' visits. Painful muscles and back pain are the most common symptom presented by patients, and this could be used initially by PHC physicians as a signal to consider for screening.
Entities:
Keywords:
Palestine; Primary care clients; Risk factor; Somatic symptom disorder
Authors: Hannes Bohman; Ulf Jonsson; Anne-Liis Von Knorring; Lars Von Knorring; Aivar Päären; Gunilla Olsson Journal: Acta Paediatr Date: 2010-07-19 Impact factor: 2.299
Authors: Bernd Löwe; Robert L Spitzer; Janet B W Williams; Monika Mussell; Dieter Schellberg; Kurt Kroenke Journal: Gen Hosp Psychiatry Date: 2008 May-Jun Impact factor: 3.238
Authors: Berend Terluin; Harm W J van Marwijk; Herman J Adèr; Henrica C W de Vet; Brenda W J H Penninx; Marleen L M Hermens; Christine A van Boeijen; Anton J L M van Balkom; Jac J L van der Klink; Wim A B Stalman Journal: BMC Psychiatry Date: 2006-08-22 Impact factor: 3.630
Authors: Manfred E Beutel; Jörg Wiltink; Jasmin Ghaemi Kerahrodi; Ana N Tibubos; Elmar Brähler; Andreas Schulz; Philipp Wild; Thomas Münzel; Karl Lackner; Jochem König; Norbert Pfeiffer; Matthias Michal; Michaela Henning Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2019-03-14 Impact factor: 4.379