Matthew E Pontell1, Eva B Niklinska2, Stephane A Braun3, Nolan Jaeger4, Kevin J Kelly5, Michael S Golinko6. 1. Fellow, Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN. Electronic address: Matthew.E.Pontell@vumc.org. 2. Student, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN. 3. Professor, Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN. 4. Fellow, Division of Pediatric Plastic Surgery, Division of Cleft and Craniofacial Surgery, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, TN. 5. Professor, Division of Pediatric Plastic Surgery, Division of Cleft and Craniofacial Surgery, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, TN. 6. Chief, Division of Pediatric Plastic Surgery, Division of Cleft and Craniofacial Surgery, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, TN.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Titanium associated risks have led to interest in resorbable hardware for open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of pediatric facial fractures. This study aims to systematically review and compare the outcomes of titanium/resorbable hardware used for ORIF of upper/midfacial fractures to determine which hardware carries a higher complication rate in the pediatric patient. METHODS: Studies published between 1990 and 2020 on the ORIF of pediatric upper/midfacial fractures were systematically reviewed. A retrospective institutional review was also conducted, and both arms were compiled for final analysis. The primary predictor value was the type of hardware used and the primary outcome was the presence of a complication. Fisher's exact test and 2-proportion 2-tailed z-test calculations were used to determine statistical significance, which was defined as a P value < .05. The low quality of published evidence precluded meta-analysis. RESULTS: Systematic review of 23 studies identified 659 patients, and 77 patients were identified in the institutional review. A total of 736 patients (299 resorbable, 437 titanium) were included in the final analysis. Total complication rate was 22.8%. The titanium group had a higher complication rate (27 vs 16.7%; P < .01), and more often underwent elective hardware removal (87.3 vs 0%, P < .01). In each hardware subgroup, the incidence of complications was analyzed by fracture site. In the titanium group, complication incidence was higher when treating maxillary fractures (32.8 vs 22.9%, P = .03). When comparing the 2 hardware groups by fracture site, maxillary fractures had a higher rate of complications when treated by titanium hardware compared with resorbable hardware (32.8 vs 18%, P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Upper/midfacial pediatric fractures requiring ORIF, especially maxillary fractures, may be best treated with resorbable hardware. Additional hardware-specific outcomes data is encouraged.
PURPOSE: Titanium associated risks have led to interest in resorbable hardware for open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of pediatric facial fractures. This study aims to systematically review and compare the outcomes of titanium/resorbable hardware used for ORIF of upper/midfacial fractures to determine which hardware carries a higher complication rate in the pediatric patient. METHODS: Studies published between 1990 and 2020 on the ORIF of pediatric upper/midfacial fractures were systematically reviewed. A retrospective institutional review was also conducted, and both arms were compiled for final analysis. The primary predictor value was the type of hardware used and the primary outcome was the presence of a complication. Fisher's exact test and 2-proportion 2-tailed z-test calculations were used to determine statistical significance, which was defined as a P value < .05. The low quality of published evidence precluded meta-analysis. RESULTS: Systematic review of 23 studies identified 659 patients, and 77 patients were identified in the institutional review. A total of 736 patients (299 resorbable, 437 titanium) were included in the final analysis. Total complication rate was 22.8%. The titanium group had a higher complication rate (27 vs 16.7%; P < .01), and more often underwent elective hardware removal (87.3 vs 0%, P < .01). In each hardware subgroup, the incidence of complications was analyzed by fracture site. In the titanium group, complication incidence was higher when treating maxillary fractures (32.8 vs 22.9%, P = .03). When comparing the 2 hardware groups by fracture site, maxillary fractures had a higher rate of complications when treated by titanium hardware compared with resorbable hardware (32.8 vs 18%, P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Upper/midfacial pediatric fractures requiring ORIF, especially maxillary fractures, may be best treated with resorbable hardware. Additional hardware-specific outcomes data is encouraged.
Authors: Barzi Gareb; Nico B Van Bakelen; Arjan Vissink; Ruud R M Bos; Baucke Van Minnen Journal: Polymers (Basel) Date: 2022-07-07 Impact factor: 4.967