Zhe Li1, Guanzhi Liu1, Run Tian1, Ning Kong1, Yue Li1, Yiyang Li1, Kunzheng Wang1, Pei Yang2. 1. Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, 710004, Xi'an, People's Republic of China. 2. Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, 710004, Xi'an, People's Republic of China. yangpei@vip.163.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Our objective was to obtain normal patellofemoral measurements to analyse sex and individual differences. In addition, the absolute values and indices of tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distances are still controversial in clinical application. A better method to enable precise prediction is still needed. METHODS: Seventy-eight knees of 78 participants without knee pathologies were included in this cross-sectional study. A CT scan was conducted for all participants and three-dimensional knee models were constructed using Mimics and SolidWorks software. We measured and analysed 19 parameters including the TT-TG distance and dimensions and shapes of the patella, femur, tibia, and trochlea. LASSO regression was used to predict the normal TT-TG distances. RESULTS: The dimensional parameters, TT-TG distance, and femoral aspect ratio of the men were significantly larger than those of women (all p values < 0.05). However, after controlling for the bias from age, height, and weight, there were no significant differences in TT-TG distances and anterior-posterior dimensions between the sexes (all p values > 0.05). The Pearson correlation coefficients between the anterior femoral offset and other indexes were consistently below 0.3, indicating no relationship or a weak relationship. Similar results were observed for the sulcus angle and the Wiberg index. Using LASSO regression, we obtained four parameters to predict the TT-TG distance (R2 = 0.5612, p < 0.01) to achieve the optimal accuracy and convenience. CONCLUSIONS: Normative data of patellofemoral morphology were provided for the Chinese population. The anterior-posterior dimensions of the women were thicker than those of men for the same medial-lateral dimensions. More attention should be paid to not only sex differences but also individual differences, especially the anterior condyle and trochlea. In addition, this study provided a new method to predict TT-TG distances accurately.
BACKGROUND: Our objective was to obtain normal patellofemoral measurements to analyse sex and individual differences. In addition, the absolute values and indices of tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distances are still controversial in clinical application. A better method to enable precise prediction is still needed. METHODS: Seventy-eight knees of 78 participants without knee pathologies were included in this cross-sectional study. A CT scan was conducted for all participants and three-dimensional knee models were constructed using Mimics and SolidWorks software. We measured and analysed 19 parameters including the TT-TG distance and dimensions and shapes of the patella, femur, tibia, and trochlea. LASSO regression was used to predict the normal TT-TG distances. RESULTS: The dimensional parameters, TT-TG distance, and femoral aspect ratio of the men were significantly larger than those of women (all p values < 0.05). However, after controlling for the bias from age, height, and weight, there were no significant differences in TT-TG distances and anterior-posterior dimensions between the sexes (all p values > 0.05). The Pearson correlation coefficients between the anterior femoral offset and other indexes were consistently below 0.3, indicating no relationship or a weak relationship. Similar results were observed for the sulcus angle and the Wiberg index. Using LASSO regression, we obtained four parameters to predict the TT-TG distance (R2 = 0.5612, p < 0.01) to achieve the optimal accuracy and convenience. CONCLUSIONS: Normative data of patellofemoral morphology were provided for the Chinese population. The anterior-posterior dimensions of the women were thicker than those of men for the same medial-lateral dimensions. More attention should be paid to not only sex differences but also individual differences, especially the anterior condyle and trochlea. In addition, this study provided a new method to predict TT-TG distances accurately.
Authors: Jacob Matz; James L Howard; David J Morden; Steven J MacDonald; Matthew G Teeter; Brent A Lanting Journal: J Arthroplasty Date: 2016-09-14 Impact factor: 4.757
Authors: Thomas K Fehring; Susan M Odum; Josh Hughes; Bryan D Springer; Walter B Beaver Journal: J Bone Joint Surg Am Date: 2009-10 Impact factor: 5.284
Authors: Nicolas Jan; Christian Fontaine; Henri Migaud; Gilles Pasquier; Jeremy Valluy; Mo Saffarini; Sophie Putman Journal: Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc Date: 2018-09-10 Impact factor: 4.342
Authors: Wolf Petersen; Ingo Volker Rembitzki; Gerd-Peter Brüggemann; Andree Ellermann; Raymond Best; Andreas Gösele- Koppenburg; Christian Liebau Journal: Int Orthop Date: 2013-09-22 Impact factor: 3.075
Authors: Guofeng Cai; Yanlin Li; Ziwen Ning; Rui Han; Di Jia; Song Li; En Song; Xu Wang Journal: Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi Date: 2022-08-15