Marco Vitolo1, Jacopo F Imberti2, Anna Maisano3, Alessandro Albini3, Niccolò Bonini3, Anna Chiara Valenti3, Vincenzo L Malavasi3, Marco Proietti4, Jeff S Healey5, Gregory Yh Lip6, Giuseppe Boriani7. 1. Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Modena, Italy.; Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom. 2. Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Modena, Italy.; Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom. 3. Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Modena, Italy. 4. Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Geriatric Unit, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Milan, Italy. 5. Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. 6. Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark. 7. Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Modena, Italy.. Electronic address: giuseppe.boriani@unimore.it.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Atrial High Rate Episodes (AHRE) are asymptomatic atrial tachy-arrhythmias detected through continuous monitoring with a cardiac implantable electronic device. The risks of stroke/Thromboembolic (TE) events and incident clinical Atrial Fibrillation (AF) associated with AHRE varies markedly. OBJECTIVES: To assess the relationship between AHRE and TE events, and between AHRE and incident clinical AF. METHODS: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the PRISMA recommendations. PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched from inception to 18/02/2021 for studies reporting TE events and incident clinical AF in patients with AHRE, as compared with patients without. RESULTS: Ten out of 8081 records fulfilled the inclusion criteria, for a total of 37 266 patients. Seven out of ten studies excluded patients with prior history of clinical AF (4961 patients), embracing the most recent definition of AHRE. The risk ratio (RR) for TE events in AHRE patients was 2.13 (95% CI: 1.53-2.95, I2: 0%). The incidence of clinical AF was reported in four studies excluding patients with a history of clinical AF (3574 patients). The RR for incident clinical AF was 3.34 (95%CI: 1.89-5.90, I2: 73%). CONCLUSIONS: AHRE are significantly associated with systemic thromboembolism and incident clinical AF. Further studies are needed to improve patients' risk stratification and management.
BACKGROUND: Atrial High Rate Episodes (AHRE) are asymptomatic atrial tachy-arrhythmias detected through continuous monitoring with a cardiac implantable electronic device. The risks of stroke/Thromboembolic (TE) events and incident clinical Atrial Fibrillation (AF) associated with AHRE varies markedly. OBJECTIVES: To assess the relationship between AHRE and TE events, and between AHRE and incident clinical AF. METHODS: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the PRISMA recommendations. PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched from inception to 18/02/2021 for studies reporting TE events and incident clinical AF in patients with AHRE, as compared with patients without. RESULTS: Ten out of 8081 records fulfilled the inclusion criteria, for a total of 37 266 patients. Seven out of ten studies excluded patients with prior history of clinical AF (4961 patients), embracing the most recent definition of AHRE. The risk ratio (RR) for TE events in AHRE patients was 2.13 (95% CI: 1.53-2.95, I2: 0%). The incidence of clinical AF was reported in four studies excluding patients with a history of clinical AF (3574 patients). The RR for incident clinical AF was 3.34 (95%CI: 1.89-5.90, I2: 73%). CONCLUSIONS: AHRE are significantly associated with systemic thromboembolism and incident clinical AF. Further studies are needed to improve patients' risk stratification and management.
Authors: Giuseppe Boriani; Saverio Iacopino; Giuseppe Arena; Paolo Pieragnoli; Roberto Verlato; Massimiliano Manfrin; Giulio Molon; Giovanni Rovaris; Antonio Curnis; Giovanni Battista Perego; Antonio Dello Russo; Maurizio Landolina; Marco Vitolo; Claudio Tondo Journal: J Cardiovasc Dev Dis Date: 2022-04-21
Authors: Jacopo Francesco Imberti; Niccolò Bonini; Alberto Tosetti; Davide Antonio Mei; Luigi Gerra; Vincenzo Livio Malavasi; Andrea Mazza; Gregory Y H Lip; Giuseppe Boriani Journal: Biology (Basel) Date: 2022-03-15