Aude Jary1, Ibrahima Teguete2, Younoussa Sidibé3, Amadou Kodio4, Oumar Dolo5, Sonia Burrel6, David Boutolleau6, Laurianne Beauvais-Remigereau7, Sophie Sayon6, Mamadou Kampo8, Fatoumata Tata Traoré5, Mariam Sylla9, Chad Achenbach10, Robert Murphy10, Béatrice Berçot11, Cécile Bébéar12, Vincent Calvez6, Anne-Geneviève Marcelin6, Almoustapha I Maiga13. 1. Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Service de Virologie, Paris, France. Electronic address: aude.jary@aphp.fr. 2. CHU Gabriel Toure, Département de Gynéco-obstétrique, Bamako, Mali. 3. CERKES, Kenedougou Solidarité, Sikasso, Mali. 4. CHU Gabriel Toure, Département de Biologie Médicale, Bamako, Mali. 5. Université des Sciences Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, USTTB, Centre de Recherche et de Formation sur le VIH et la Tuberculose SEREFO, Bamako, Mali. 6. Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Service de Virologie, Paris, France. 7. Fondation GSK France, Marly Le Roi, France. 8. Hopital Régional de Tombouctou, Tombouctou, Mali. 9. CHU Gabriel Toure, Département de Pédiatrie, Bamako, Mali. 10. Northwestern University, Institute for Global Health, Chicago, IL, USA. 11. University of Paris, IAME and St Louis Hospital, Department of Bacteriology, Associated Laboratory of the National Reference Centre for Bacterial STIs, Paris, France. 12. CHU de Bordeaux and University of Bordeaux, Department of Bacteriology, National Reference Centre for Bacterial STIs, Bordeaux, France. 13. CHU Gabriel Toure, Département de Biologie Médicale, Bamako, Mali; Université des Sciences Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, USTTB, Centre de Recherche et de Formation sur le VIH et la Tuberculose SEREFO, Bamako, Mali.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), antimicrobial resistance and cervical lesions among women from Sikasso, Mali. METHODS: Women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (n=44) and HIV-negative women (n=96) attending cervical cancer screening were included. Screening for human papillomavirus (HPV), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) was performed using polymerase chain reaction assays, and herpes simplex virus (HSV-1/2) serological status was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Antibiotic resistance tests were performed for MG- and NG-positive cases. RESULTS: A high prevalence of high-risk HPV (hrHPV) infection (63%) was found. This was associated with cervical lesions in 7.5% of cases. An unusual distribution was found, with HPV31, HPV56 and HPV52 being the most prevalent. The hrHPV distribution differed by HIV status, with HIV-positive cases having HPV35/31/51-52-56 and HIV-negative cases having HPV31/56/52. The seroprevalence of HSV-2 was 49%, and the prevalence of other STIs was as follows: CT, 4%; MG, 9%; NG, 1%; and TV, 7%. Five of nine MG-positive specimens and the NG strains obtained were resistant to fluoroquinolone. CONCLUSIONS: These results showed high prevalence of hrHPV and fluoroquinolone resistance in several NG and MG strains. Further studies are required to confirm these data in Mali, and to improve prevention, screening and management of cervical cancer and other STIs in women.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), antimicrobial resistance and cervical lesions among women from Sikasso, Mali. METHODS: Women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (n=44) and HIV-negative women (n=96) attending cervical cancer screening were included. Screening for human papillomavirus (HPV), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) was performed using polymerase chain reaction assays, and herpes simplex virus (HSV-1/2) serological status was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Antibiotic resistance tests were performed for MG- and NG-positive cases. RESULTS: A high prevalence of high-risk HPV (hrHPV) infection (63%) was found. This was associated with cervical lesions in 7.5% of cases. An unusual distribution was found, with HPV31, HPV56 and HPV52 being the most prevalent. The hrHPV distribution differed by HIV status, with HIV-positive cases having HPV35/31/51-52-56 and HIV-negative cases having HPV31/56/52. The seroprevalence of HSV-2 was 49%, and the prevalence of other STIs was as follows: CT, 4%; MG, 9%; NG, 1%; and TV, 7%. Five of nine MG-positive specimens and the NG strains obtained were resistant to fluoroquinolone. CONCLUSIONS: These results showed high prevalence of hrHPV and fluoroquinolone resistance in several NG and MG strains. Further studies are required to confirm these data in Mali, and to improve prevention, screening and management of cervical cancer and other STIs in women.