Advances in Sn-Based Catalysts for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction.

The increasing concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere has led to the greenhouse effect, which greatly affects the climate and the ecological balance of nature. Therefore, converting CO2 into renewable fuels via clean and economical chemical processes has become a great concern for scientists. Electrocatalytic CO2 conversion is a prospective path toward carbon cycling. Among the different electrocatalysts, Sn-based electrocatalysts have been demonstrated as promising catalysts for CO2 electroreduction, producing formate and CO, which are important industrial chemicals. In this review, various Sn-based electrocatalysts are comprehensively summarized in terms of synthesis, catalytic performance, and reaction mechanisms for CO2 electroreduction. Finally, we concisely discuss the current challenges and opportunities of Sn-based electrocatalysts.