BACKGROUND: Low birth weight and prematurity are important risk factors for death and disability, and may be affected by prenatal exposure to household air pollution (HAP). METHODS: We investigate associations between maternal exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) during pregnancy and birth outcomes (birth weight, birth length, head circumference, gestational age, low birth weight, small for gestational age, and preterm birth) among 1288 live-born infants in the Ghana Randomized Air Pollution and Health Study (GRAPHS). We evaluate whether evidence of malaria during pregnancy, as determined by placental histopathology, modifies these associations. RESULTS: We observed effects of CO on birth weight, birth length, and gestational age that were modified by placental malarial status. Among infants from pregnancies without evidence of placental malaria, each 1 ppm increase in CO was associated with reduced birth weight (-53.4 g [95% CI: -84.8, -21.9 g]), birth length (-0.3 cm [-0.6, -0.1 cm]), gestational age (-1.0 days [-1.8, -0.2 days]), and weight-for-age Z score (-0.08 standard deviations [-0.16, -0.01 standard deviations]). These associations were not observed in pregnancies with evidence of placental malaria. Each 1 ppm increase in maternal exposure to CO was associated with elevated odds of low birth weight (LBW, OR 1.14 [0.97, 1.33]) and small for gestational age (SGA, OR 1.14 [0.98, 1.32]) among all infants. CONCLUSIONS: Even modest reductions in exposure to HAP among pregnant women could yield substantial public health benefits, underscoring a need for interventions to effectively reduce exposure. Adverse associations with HAP were discernible only among those without evidence of placental malaria, a key driver of impaired fetal growth in this malaria-endemic area. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
BACKGROUND: Low birth weight and prematurity are important risk factors for death and disability, and may be affected by prenatal exposure to household air pollution (HAP). METHODS: We investigate associations between maternal exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) during pregnancy and birth outcomes (birth weight, birth length, head circumference, gestational age, low birth weight, small for gestational age, and preterm birth) among 1288 live-born infants in the Ghana Randomized Air Pollution and Health Study (GRAPHS). We evaluate whether evidence of malaria during pregnancy, as determined by placental histopathology, modifies these associations. RESULTS: We observed effects of CO on birth weight, birth length, and gestational age that were modified by placental malarial status. Among infants from pregnancies without evidence of placental malaria, each 1 ppm increase in CO was associated with reduced birth weight (-53.4 g [95% CI: -84.8, -21.9 g]), birth length (-0.3 cm [-0.6, -0.1 cm]), gestational age (-1.0 days [-1.8, -0.2 days]), and weight-for-age Z score (-0.08 standard deviations [-0.16, -0.01 standard deviations]). These associations were not observed in pregnancies with evidence of placental malaria. Each 1 ppm increase in maternal exposure to CO was associated with elevated odds of low birth weight (LBW, OR 1.14 [0.97, 1.33]) and small for gestational age (SGA, OR 1.14 [0.98, 1.32]) among all infants. CONCLUSIONS: Even modest reductions in exposure to HAP among pregnant women could yield substantial public health benefits, underscoring a need for interventions to effectively reduce exposure. Adverse associations with HAP were discernible only among those without evidence of placental malaria, a key driver of impaired fetal growth in this malaria-endemic area. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Authors: Rafael T Mikolajczyk; Jun Zhang; Ana Pilar Betran; João Paulo Souza; Rintaro Mori; A Metin Gülmezoglu; Mario Merialdi Journal: Lancet Date: 2011-05-28 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: M L Clark; A M Bachand; J M Heiderscheidt; S A Yoder; B Luna; J Volckens; K A Koehler; S Conway; S J Reynolds; J L Peel Journal: Indoor Air Date: 2012-09-18 Impact factor: 5.770
Authors: Alison G Lee; Seyram Kaali; Ashlinn Quinn; Rupert Delimini; Katrin Burkart; Jones Opoku-Mensah; Blair J Wylie; Abena Konadu Yawson; Patrick L Kinney; Kenneth A Ae-Ngibise; Steven Chillrud; Darby Jack; Kwaku Poku Asante Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 2019-03-15 Impact factor: 21.405
Authors: José Villar; Leila Cheikh Ismail; Cesar G Victora; Eric O Ohuma; Enrico Bertino; Doug G Altman; Ann Lambert; Aris T Papageorghiou; Maria Carvalho; Yasmin A Jaffer; Michael G Gravett; Manorama Purwar; Ihunnaya O Frederick; Alison J Noble; Ruyan Pang; Fernando C Barros; Cameron Chumlea; Zulfiqar A Bhutta; Stephen H Kennedy Journal: Lancet Date: 2014-09-06 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Hannah Blencowe; Julia Krasevec; Mercedes de Onis; Robert E Black; Xiaoyi An; Gretchen A Stevens; Elaine Borghi; Chika Hayashi; Diana Estevez; Luca Cegolon; Suhail Shiekh; Victoria Ponce Hardy; Joy E Lawn; Simon Cousens Journal: Lancet Glob Health Date: 2019-05-15 Impact factor: 26.763
Authors: Seyram Kaali; Darby W Jack; Rebecca K D Prah; Steven N Chillrud; Mohammed N Mujtaba; Patrick L Kinney; Theresa Tawiah; Qiang Yang; Felix B Oppong; Carlos F Gould; Musah Osei; Blair J Wylie; Oscar Agyei; Matthew S Perzanowski; Kwaku Poku Asante; Alison G Lee Journal: Pediatr Pulmonol Date: 2022-06-13
Authors: Ellen Boamah-Kaali; Darby W Jack; Kenneth A Ae-Ngibise; Ashlinn Quinn; Seyram Kaali; Kathryn Dubowski; Felix B Oppong; Blair J Wylie; Mohammed N Mujtaba; Carlos F Gould; Stephaney Gyaase; Steven Chillrud; Seth Owusu-Agyei; Patrick L Kinney; Kwaku Poku Asante; Alison G Lee Journal: Environ Health Perspect Date: 2021-11-29 Impact factor: 11.035
Authors: Mi-Sun Lee; Ki-Do Eum; Mostofa Golam; Quazi Quamruzzaman; Molly L Kile; Maitreyi Mazumdar; David C Christiani Journal: Occup Environ Med Date: 2022-02-28 Impact factor: 4.948