Song-Ying Shen1,2,3, Justina Žurauskienė4,5, Dong-Mei Wei1,2, Nian-Nian Chen1,2, Jin-Hua Lu1,2, Ya-Shu Kuang1,2, Hui-Hui Liu1,2, Jean-Baptiste Cazier4,5, Xiu Qiu6,7,8. 1. Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. 2. Provincial Key Clinical Specialty of Woman and Child Health, Guangdong, China. 3. Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangdong, China. 4. Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. 5. Centre for Computational Biology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. 6. Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. xiu.qiu@bigcs.org. 7. Provincial Key Clinical Specialty of Woman and Child Health, Guangdong, China. xiu.qiu@bigcs.org. 8. Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangdong, China. xiu.qiu@bigcs.org.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To identify the specific glucose metrics derived from maternal continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data, which were associated with a higher percentile of offspring birth weight. METHODS: In this cohort study, we recruited singleton pregnant women with GDM who underwent CGM for 5-14 days at a mean of 28.8 gestational weeks between Jan 2017 and Nov 2018. Commonly used single summary glucose metrics of glucose exposure (including mean 24-h, daytime, and nighttime glucose level) and variability (including J-index and mean amplitude of glycaemic excursions) were derived from CGM data. A novel comprehensive glucose metric-hours per-day spent in a severe variability glucose mode (HSSV)-was identified using the spectral clustering method, which reflects both glucose level and variability. Multiple linear regression models were used to estimate the associations of sex- and gestational age-adjusted birth weight percentile with CGM parameters. RESULTS: Ninety-seven women comprising 127,279 glucose measurements were included. Each 1-SD increase in maternal nighttime mean glucose level and HSSV was associated with 6.0 (95% CI 0.4, 11.5) and 6.3 (95% CI 0.4, 12.2) percentage points increase in birth weight percentile, respectively. No associations were found between other glucose metrics and birth weight percentile. CONCLUSION: Nighttime mean glucose level has a comparable effect size to HSSV in association with fetal growth, suggesting that endogenous hyperglycemia might drive the association between maternal hyperglycemia and birth weight. Further studies need to examine the effect of lowering nighttime glucose level and/or HSSV on preventing fetal overgrowth in GDM women.
PURPOSE: To identify the specific glucose metrics derived from maternal continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data, which were associated with a higher percentile of offspring birth weight. METHODS: In this cohort study, we recruited singleton pregnant women with GDM who underwent CGM for 5-14 days at a mean of 28.8 gestational weeks between Jan 2017 and Nov 2018. Commonly used single summary glucose metrics of glucose exposure (including mean 24-h, daytime, and nighttime glucose level) and variability (including J-index and mean amplitude of glycaemic excursions) were derived from CGM data. A novel comprehensive glucose metric-hours per-day spent in a severe variability glucose mode (HSSV)-was identified using the spectral clustering method, which reflects both glucose level and variability. Multiple linear regression models were used to estimate the associations of sex- and gestational age-adjusted birth weight percentile with CGM parameters. RESULTS: Ninety-seven women comprising 127,279 glucose measurements were included. Each 1-SD increase in maternal nighttime mean glucose level and HSSV was associated with 6.0 (95% CI 0.4, 11.5) and 6.3 (95% CI 0.4, 12.2) percentage points increase in birth weight percentile, respectively. No associations were found between other glucose metrics and birth weight percentile. CONCLUSION: Nighttime mean glucose level has a comparable effect size to HSSV in association with fetal growth, suggesting that endogenous hyperglycemia might drive the association between maternal hyperglycemia and birth weight. Further studies need to examine the effect of lowering nighttime glucose level and/or HSSV on preventing fetal overgrowth in GDM women.
Authors: Mengying Li; Stefanie N Hinkle; Katherine L Grantz; Sungduk Kim; Jagteshwar Grewal; William A Grobman; Daniel W Skupski; Roger B Newman; Edward K Chien; Anthony Sciscione; Noelia Zork; Deborah A Wing; Michael Nageotte; Fasil Tekola-Ayele; Germaine M Buck Louis; Paul S Albert; Cuilin Zhang Journal: Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol Date: 2020-03-02 Impact factor: 32.069
Authors: Peter Damm; Azadeh Houshmand-Oeregaard; Louise Kelstrup; Jeannet Lauenborg; Elisabeth R Mathiesen; Tine D Clausen Journal: Diabetologia Date: 2016-05-12 Impact factor: 10.122
Authors: William L Lowe; Denise M Scholtens; Lynn P Lowe; Alan Kuang; Michael Nodzenski; Octavious Talbot; Patrick M Catalano; Barbara Linder; Wendy J Brickman; Peter Clayton; Chaicharn Deerochanawong; Jill Hamilton; Jami L Josefson; Michele Lashley; Jean M Lawrence; Yael Lebenthal; Ronald Ma; Michael Maresh; David McCance; Wing Hung Tam; David A Sacks; Alan R Dyer; Boyd E Metzger Journal: JAMA Date: 2018-09-11 Impact factor: 56.272