BACKGROUND: ANXA2 plays a very important role in cancer progression. chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18) is associated with the invasion, migration, metastasis and poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). In this study, we aimed to explore whether CCL18 promotes LUAD invasion through ANXA2, and its role and molecular mechanism in LUAD invasion. METHODS: Western blot was used to detect ANXA2 expression in LUAD tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues, the transfection efficiency of SiANXA2#2 in cells and the role of ANXA2 as an upstream regulator in the AKT/cofilin signaling pathway. In vitro cytological experiments such as chemotaxis experiment and transwell invasion test was used to explore the mechanism of ANXA2 on LUAD metastasis. F-actin polymerization experiment and Western blot were used to detect whether invasion ability alteration of SiANXA2#2 A549 cells are related to F-actin. RESULTS: Western blot analysis showed that compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues, the protein expression level of ANXA2 in cancer tissues increased (P<0.05). In the chemotaxis experiment and invasion experiment, the chemotaxis and invasion ability induced by CCL18 decreased when ANXA2 knockdowned (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, F-actin polymerization was significantly lower in ANXA2 knockdown group, while phosphorylation of AKT at Ser473 and Thr308 and phosphorylation of Cofilin and LIMK were reduced in ANXA2 knockdown group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: ANXA2 knockdown can reduce the invasive effect of CCL18 on LUAD cells by reducing phosphorylation of AKT and downstream pathways.
BACKGROUND: ANXA2 plays a very important role in cancer progression. chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18) is associated with the invasion, migration, metastasis and poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). In this study, we aimed to explore whether CCL18 promotes LUAD invasion through ANXA2, and its role and molecular mechanism in LUAD invasion. METHODS: Western blot was used to detect ANXA2 expression in LUAD tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues, the transfection efficiency of SiANXA2#2 in cells and the role of ANXA2 as an upstream regulator in the AKT/cofilin signaling pathway. In vitro cytological experiments such as chemotaxis experiment and transwell invasion test was used to explore the mechanism of ANXA2 on LUAD metastasis. F-actin polymerization experiment and Western blot were used to detect whether invasion ability alteration of SiANXA2#2 A549 cells are related to F-actin. RESULTS: Western blot analysis showed that compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues, the protein expression level of ANXA2 in cancer tissues increased (P<0.05). In the chemotaxis experiment and invasion experiment, the chemotaxis and invasion ability induced by CCL18 decreased when ANXA2 knockdowned (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, F-actin polymerization was significantly lower in ANXA2 knockdown group, while phosphorylation of AKT at Ser473 and Thr308 and phosphorylation of Cofilin and LIMK were reduced in ANXA2 knockdown group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: ANXA2 knockdown can reduce the invasive effect of CCL18 on LUAD cells by reducing phosphorylation of AKT and downstream pathways.
ANXA2 is overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma cells, and its phosphorylation is regulated by CCL18. A: The expression of ANXA2 protein in paired lung adenocarcinoma tissue and adjacent normal tissue, each pair comes from the same patient; B: The expression of ANXA2 protein in paired lung adenocarcinoma tissue and adjacent normal tissue was analyzed by histogram; C: The expression level of ANXA2 protein in Scr/A549 and SiNir1/A549 cells was detected by Western blot analysis with or without CCL18 stimulation of 10 ng/mL. T: lung adenocarcinoma tissue; ANT: adjacent normal tissue.
ANXA2在肺腺癌细胞中过表达,其磷酸化受到CCL18的调控。A:ANXA2蛋白在配对的肺腺癌组织和邻近正常组织中的表达情况,每对均来自同一患者;B:柱状图统计ANXA2蛋白在配对的肺腺癌组织和邻近正常组织中的表达情况;C:通过蛋白质印迹分析技术检测在有或没有10 ng/mL的CCL18刺激下,Scr/A549和SiNir1/A549细胞中ANXA2蛋白的表达水平。ANXA2 is overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma cells, and its phosphorylation is regulated by CCL18. A: The expression of ANXA2 protein in paired lung adenocarcinoma tissue and adjacent normal tissue, each pair comes from the same patient; B: The expression of ANXA2 protein in paired lung adenocarcinoma tissue and adjacent normal tissue was analyzed by histogram; C: The expression level of ANXA2 protein in Scr/A549 and SiNir1/A549 cells was detected by Western blot analysis with or without CCL18 stimulation of 10 ng/mL. T: lung adenocarcinoma tissue; ANT: adjacent normal tissue.
ANXA2促进CCL18诱导的肺腺癌细胞趋化运动能力。A:在以Scrabble siRNA作为对照(Scr/A549)和两组稳定的siRNA(SiANXA2#1/A549和SiANXA2#2/A549)转染A549细胞后检测ANXA2蛋白的表达水平;B:用CCL18刺激Scr/A549和SiANXA2#2/A549细胞,进行趋化反应的比较。β-actin作为阴性对照。每独立实验至少重复3次, P < 0.05,差异有统计学意义;C:在加入或不加入10 ng/mL CCL18刺激的情况下,分析Scr/A549和SiANXA2#2/A549细胞的侵袭能力,P < 0.05。以×400放大倍数捕获图像,比例尺:20 μm。
ANXA2 promotes the chemotaxis of lung adenocarcinoma cells induced by CCL18. A: Two stable siRNAs (SiANXA2#1 and SiANXA2#2) were transfected into A549 cells respectively, scramble siRNA as a control (Scr). The ANXA2 protein expression level was detected by Western blot analysis. β-actin was used as a negative control; B: Comparison of chemotactic response with rCCL18 stimulation in Scr/A549 and SiANXA2#2/A549 cells. Each independent experiment was repeated at least three times, P < 0.05, the difference was statistically significant; C: Analyze the invasion ability of Scr/A549 and SiANXA2#2/A549 cells with or without rCCL18 stimulation of 10 ng/mL, P < 0.05. Capture images at ×400 magnification. Scale bar: 20 μm.
ANXA2促进CCL18诱导的肺腺癌细胞趋化运动能力。A:在以Scrabble siRNA作为对照(Scr/A549)和两组稳定的siRNA(SiANXA2#1/A549和SiANXA2#2/A549)转染A549细胞后检测ANXA2蛋白的表达水平;B:用CCL18刺激Scr/A549和SiANXA2#2/A549细胞,进行趋化反应的比较。β-actin作为阴性对照。每独立实验至少重复3次, P < 0.05,差异有统计学意义;C:在加入或不加入10 ng/mL CCL18刺激的情况下,分析Scr/A549和SiANXA2#2/A549细胞的侵袭能力,P < 0.05。以×400放大倍数捕获图像,比例尺:20 μm。ANXA2 promotes the chemotaxis of lung adenocarcinoma cells induced by CCL18. A: Two stable siRNAs (SiANXA2#1 and SiANXA2#2) were transfected into A549 cells respectively, scramble siRNA as a control (Scr). The ANXA2 protein expression level was detected by Western blot analysis. β-actin was used as a negative control; B: Comparison of chemotactic response with rCCL18 stimulation in Scr/A549 and SiANXA2#2/A549 cells. Each independent experiment was repeated at least three times, P < 0.05, the difference was statistically significant; C: Analyze the invasion ability of Scr/A549 and SiANXA2#2/A549 cells with or without rCCL18 stimulation of 10 ng/mL, P < 0.05. Capture images at ×400 magnification. Scale bar: 20 μm.
The reduction of ANXA2 inhibits CCL18-induced F-actin polymerization in lung adenocarcinoma cells through the AKT/cofilin pathway. A: Relative F-actin content in Scr/A549 and SiANXA2#2/A549 cells stimulated by 10 ng/mL CCL18 at different times; B: Under the stimulation of CCL18, the expression levels of p-AKT (Ser473) and p-AKT (Thr308) in Scr/A549 and SiANXA2#2/A549 were analyzed by Western blot analysis. AKT and β-actin were used as negative contrast in the experiment; C: Analyze the expression levels of cofilin and LIMK in Scr/A549, SiANXA2#2/A549 under the stimulation of CCL18 by Western blot analysis. In the experiment, cofilin, LIMK and β-actin were used as negative controls.
ANXA2的降低通过AKT/cofilin通路抑制肺腺癌细胞中CCL18诱导的F-肌动蛋白聚合。A:在不同时长的10 ng/mL CCL18的刺激下Scr/A549以及和SiANXA2#2/A549细胞中相对F-actin含量;B:在CCL18刺激下,分析Scr/A549、SiANXA2#2/A549中p-AKT(Ser473)、p-AKT(Thr308)的表达水平,实验中使用AKT和β-actin用作阴性对照;C:分析在CCL18的刺激下,Scr/A549、SiANXA2#2/A549中cofilin、LIMK的表达水平,实验中使用cofilin、LIMK和β-actin用作阴性对照。The reduction of ANXA2 inhibits CCL18-induced F-actin polymerization in lung adenocarcinoma cells through the AKT/cofilin pathway. A: Relative F-actin content in Scr/A549 and SiANXA2#2/A549 cells stimulated by 10 ng/mL CCL18 at different times; B: Under the stimulation of CCL18, the expression levels of p-AKT (Ser473) and p-AKT (Thr308) in Scr/A549 and SiANXA2#2/A549 were analyzed by Western blot analysis. AKT and β-actin were used as negative contrast in the experiment; C: Analyze the expression levels of cofilin and LIMK in Scr/A549, SiANXA2#2/A549 under the stimulation of CCL18 by Western blot analysis. In the experiment, cofilin, LIMK and β-actin were used as negative controls.
Overexpression of ANXA2 promotes invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells and CCL18-induced F-actin aggregation in lung adenocarcinoma cells. A: The transfection efficiency of SiANXA2#2 and SiANXA2#2+ANXA2 was detected by Western blot; B: Analyze the invasion ability of SiANXA2#2/A549 and SiANXA2#2+ANXA2/A549 cells with or without rCCL18 stimulation of 10 ng/mL. P < 0.05. Capture images at ×400 magnification. Scale bar: 20 μm; C: Relative F-actin content in SiANXA2#2/A549 and SiANXA2#2+ANXA2/A549 cells stimulated by 10 ng/mL CCL18 at different times.
过表达ANXA2可促进肺腺癌细胞侵袭能力和肺腺癌中CCL18诱导的F-actin聚合。A:Western blot检测SiANXA2#2和SiANXA2#2+ANXA2转染效率;B:在加入或不加入10 ng/mL CCL18刺激的情况下,分析SiANXA2#2/A549和SiANXA2#2+ANXA2/A549细胞的侵袭能力,P < 0.05。以×400放大倍数捕获图像,比例尺:20 μm;C:在不同时长的10 ng/mL CCL18的刺激下SiANXA2#2/A549以及和SiANXA2#2+ANXA2/A549细胞中相对F-肌动蛋白含量。Overexpression of ANXA2 promotes invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells and CCL18-induced F-actin aggregation in lung adenocarcinoma cells. A: The transfection efficiency of SiANXA2#2 and SiANXA2#2+ANXA2 was detected by Western blot; B: Analyze the invasion ability of SiANXA2#2/A549 and SiANXA2#2+ANXA2/A549 cells with or without rCCL18 stimulation of 10 ng/mL. P < 0.05. Capture images at ×400 magnification. Scale bar: 20 μm; C: Relative F-actin content in SiANXA2#2/A549 and SiANXA2#2+ANXA2/A549 cells stimulated by 10 ng/mL CCL18 at different times.
Authors: Fred R Hirsch; Giorgio V Scagliotti; James L Mulshine; Regina Kwon; Walter J Curran; Yi-Long Wu; Luis Paz-Ares Journal: Lancet Date: 2016-08-27 Impact factor: 79.321