Anu Gupta1, Yashdeep Gupta2, Ranjit Mohan Anjana3, H Ranjani4, Mani Kalaivani5, Alpesh Goyal6, N Jagannathan4, Sandhya Sharma6, Bhavika Mittal6, Vinoth Kumar Radhakrishnan3, Vineeta Garg6, Gautam Sharma7, Viveka P Jyotsna6, Rajesh Sagar8, Viswanathan Mohan3, Nikhil Tandon6. 1. Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. 2. Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. Electronic address: yashdeep@aiims.edu. 3. Department of Diabetology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India. 4. Department of Translational Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India. 5. Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. 6. Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. 7. Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. 8. Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Abstract
AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of cognitive impairment with sleep quality, depression, and cardiometabolic risk factors among participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Subjects underwent clinical interview to capture socio-demographic details, medical history, sleep quality, presence of depression, along with anthropometric and biochemical measurements. A detailed neuropsychological assessment [Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA), Trail making A and B, Digit span, Spatial span, Letter Number Sequencing] was done. Cognitive impairment was defined as MoCA score of <23. RESULTS: Participants (n=250, 50% women, 63.6% middle-age) had a mean (±SD) age of 53.6 (±9.1) years and HbA1c of 55.1±6.8mmol/mol (7.2±0.6%). Cognitive impairment was present in 57 (22.8%) participants. In the middle-age subgroup, cognitive impairment was higher (23.9%) than those in the fourth decade (6.3%), but comparable (24.0%) to the older age (60-70years) individuals. Diabetes-related vascular complications [Odds ratio (95% CI) 2.03 (1.05, 3.94)]; hypertension [2.00 (1.04, 3.84)], depression [2.37 (1.24, 4.55)] and lower education [2.73 (1.42, 5.23)] had a significant association with cognitive impairment on multivariate logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION: The high burden of cognitive impairment calls for an urgent need to establish longitudinal cohorts in midlife to understand this population's cognitive trajectories and see the influence of various bio-psychosocial variables.
AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of cognitive impairment with sleep quality, depression, and cardiometabolic risk factors among participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Subjects underwent clinical interview to capture socio-demographic details, medical history, sleep quality, presence of depression, along with anthropometric and biochemical measurements. A detailed neuropsychological assessment [Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA), Trail making A and B, Digit span, Spatial span, Letter Number Sequencing] was done. Cognitive impairment was defined as MoCA score of <23. RESULTS: Participants (n=250, 50% women, 63.6% middle-age) had a mean (±SD) age of 53.6 (±9.1) years and HbA1c of 55.1±6.8mmol/mol (7.2±0.6%). Cognitive impairment was present in 57 (22.8%) participants. In the middle-age subgroup, cognitive impairment was higher (23.9%) than those in the fourth decade (6.3%), but comparable (24.0%) to the older age (60-70years) individuals. Diabetes-related vascular complications [Odds ratio (95% CI) 2.03 (1.05, 3.94)]; hypertension [2.00 (1.04, 3.84)], depression [2.37 (1.24, 4.55)] and lower education [2.73 (1.42, 5.23)] had a significant association with cognitive impairment on multivariate logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION: The high burden of cognitive impairment calls for an urgent need to establish longitudinal cohorts in midlife to understand this population's cognitive trajectories and see the influence of various bio-psychosocial variables.