Alexandra J L M Geraerds1, Gouke J Bonsel2, Mathieu F Janssen3, Aureliano Paolo Finch4, Suzanne Polinder5, Juanita A Haagsma5. 1. Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Public Health, The Netherlands. Electronic address: a.geraerds@erasmusmc.nl. 2. Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Public Health, The Netherlands; EuroQol Research Foundation, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 3. Section Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; EuroQol Research Foundation, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 4. EuroQol Research Foundation, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 5. Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Public Health, The Netherlands.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The question of whether additional dimensions should be added to the EQ-5D, so-called bolt-ons, has been researched since the 1990s. Several candidate bolt-ons have been tested. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an overview of EQ-5D bolt-on studies, including the origin of possible suitable bolt-ons, their format, and methods that were used to examine their value. METHODS: Studies were identified through database search and reference screening and assessed based on a set of inclusion criteria. All studies that investigated bolt-ons for the EQ-5D were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers independently extracted information from all included studies on objectives, study design, EQ-5D version used, the investigated bolt-ons, methods used to achieve objectives, and outcomes. RESULTS: Of 308 initially identified studies, 28 studies met the inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 3 identified potentially suitable bolt-on dimensions, 13 investigated the psychometric performance of EQ-5D + bolt-on(s), and 6 investigated the impact of the bolt-on on health state preferences. In total, 26 bolt-ons were identified, of which cognition was the most frequently mentioned. A wide variety of bolt-on identification methods, psychometric performance tests, and health state valuation methods were used in the included studies. CONCLUSION: A range of bolt-on dimensions has been investigated using diverse methods. Guidelines are needed to standardize the wording of the bolt-on dimension and response options, evaluate minimal important gain of the bolt-on, and facilitate quality assessment of bolt-on studies. Subsequently, guidelines will facilitate decision making on whether or not to implement a bolt-on dimension to the EQ-5D.
OBJECTIVES: The question of whether additional dimensions should be added to the EQ-5D, so-called bolt-ons, has been researched since the 1990s. Several candidate bolt-ons have been tested. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an overview of EQ-5D bolt-on studies, including the origin of possible suitable bolt-ons, their format, and methods that were used to examine their value. METHODS: Studies were identified through database search and reference screening and assessed based on a set of inclusion criteria. All studies that investigated bolt-ons for the EQ-5D were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers independently extracted information from all included studies on objectives, study design, EQ-5D version used, the investigated bolt-ons, methods used to achieve objectives, and outcomes. RESULTS: Of 308 initially identified studies, 28 studies met the inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 3 identified potentially suitable bolt-on dimensions, 13 investigated the psychometric performance of EQ-5D + bolt-on(s), and 6 investigated the impact of the bolt-on on health state preferences. In total, 26 bolt-ons were identified, of which cognition was the most frequently mentioned. A wide variety of bolt-on identification methods, psychometric performance tests, and health state valuation methods were used in the included studies. CONCLUSION: A range of bolt-on dimensions has been investigated using diverse methods. Guidelines are needed to standardize the wording of the bolt-on dimension and response options, evaluate minimal important gain of the bolt-on, and facilitate quality assessment of bolt-on studies. Subsequently, guidelines will facilitate decision making on whether or not to implement a bolt-on dimension to the EQ-5D.
Authors: A J L M Geraerds; Suzanne Polinder; Inge Spronk; Alfons G M Olde Loohuis; Annemieke de Groot; Madelon B Bronner; Juanita A Haagsma Journal: Qual Life Res Date: 2022-01-29 Impact factor: 4.147
Authors: Brendan J Mulhern; Chris Sampson; Phil Haywood; Rebecca Addo; Katie Page; David Mott; Koonal Shah; Mathieu F Janssen; Mike Herdman Journal: Qual Life Res Date: 2022-04-29 Impact factor: 3.440
Authors: Koonal K Shah; Bryan Bennett; Andrew Lenny; Louise Longworth; John E Brazier; Mark Oppe; A Simon Pickard; James W Shaw Journal: Eur J Health Econ Date: 2021-06-17