Hans Kainz1, Mariska Wesseling2, Ilse Jonkers3. 1. Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, Department of Biomechanics, Kinesiology and Computer Science in Sport, Neuromechanics Research Group, University of Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: hans.kainz@univie.ac.at. 2. Human Movement Biomechanics Research Group, KU Leuven, Belgium; Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Biomechatronics and Human-Machine Control, TU Delft, Netherlands. 3. Human Movement Biomechanics Research Group, KU Leuven, Belgium.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal modelling is used to assess musculoskeletal loading during gait. Linear scaling methods are used to personalize generic models to each participant's anthropometry. This approach introduces simplifications, especially when used in paediatric and/or pathological populations. This study aimed to compare results from musculoskeletal simulations using various models ranging from linear scaled to highly subject-specific models, i.e., including the participant's musculoskeletal geometry and electromyography data. METHODS: Magnetic resonance images (MRI) and gait data of one typically developing child and three children with cerebral palsy were analysed. Musculoskeletal simulations were performed to calculate joint kinematics, joint kinetics, muscle forces and joint contact forces using four modelling frameworks: 1) Generic-scaled model with static optimization, 2) Generic-scaled model with an electromyography-informed approach, 3) MRI-based model with static optimization, and 4) MRI-based model with an electromyography-informed approach. FINDINGS: Root-mean-square-differences in joint kinematics and kinetics between generic-scaled and MRI-based models were below 5° and 0.15 Nm/kg, respectively. Root-mean-square-differences over all muscles was below 0.2 body weight for every participant. Root-mean-square-differences in joint contact forces between the different modelling frameworks were up to 2.2 body weight. Comparing the simulation results from the typically developing child with the results from the children with cerebral palsy showed similar root-mean-square-differences for all modelling frameworks. INTERPRETATION: In our participants, the impact of MRI-based models on joint contact forces was higher than the impact of including electromyography. Clinical reasoning based on overall root-mean-square-differences in musculoskeletal simulation results between healthy and pathological participants are unlikely to be affected by the modelling choice.
BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal modelling is used to assess musculoskeletal loading during gait. Linear scaling methods are used to personalize generic models to each participant's anthropometry. This approach introduces simplifications, especially when used in paediatric and/or pathological populations. This study aimed to compare results from musculoskeletal simulations using various models ranging from linear scaled to highly subject-specific models, i.e., including the participant's musculoskeletal geometry and electromyography data. METHODS: Magnetic resonance images (MRI) and gait data of one typically developing child and three children with cerebral palsy were analysed. Musculoskeletal simulations were performed to calculate joint kinematics, joint kinetics, muscle forces and joint contact forces using four modelling frameworks: 1) Generic-scaled model with static optimization, 2) Generic-scaled model with an electromyography-informed approach, 3) MRI-based model with static optimization, and 4) MRI-based model with an electromyography-informed approach. FINDINGS: Root-mean-square-differences in joint kinematics and kinetics between generic-scaled and MRI-based models were below 5° and 0.15 Nm/kg, respectively. Root-mean-square-differences over all muscles was below 0.2 body weight for every participant. Root-mean-square-differences in joint contact forces between the different modelling frameworks were up to 2.2 body weight. Comparing the simulation results from the typically developing child with the results from the children with cerebral palsy showed similar root-mean-square-differences for all modelling frameworks. INTERPRETATION: In our participants, the impact of MRI-based models on joint contact forces was higher than the impact of including electromyography. Clinical reasoning based on overall root-mean-square-differences in musculoskeletal simulation results between healthy and pathological participants are unlikely to be affected by the modelling choice.
Authors: Riad Akhundov; David J Saxby; Laura E Diamond; Suzi Edwards; Phil Clausen; Katherine Dooley; Sarah Blyton; Suzanne J Snodgrass Journal: PLoS One Date: 2022-01-25 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Seyyed Hamed Hosseini Nasab; Colin R Smith; Allan Maas; Alexandra Vollenweider; Jörn Dymke; Pascal Schütz; Philipp Damm; Adam Trepczynski; William R Taylor Journal: Front Bioeng Biotechnol Date: 2022-06-03