Melanie R Meister1, Jincheng Zhou2, Haitao Chu3, Tamera Coyne-Beasley4, Sheila Gahagan5, D Yvette LaCoursiere6, Elizabeth R Mueller7, Peter Scal8, Laura Simon9, Ann E Stapleton10, Carolyn R T Stoll11, Siobhan Sutcliffe11, Amanda Berry12, Jean F Wyman13. 1. Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, USA. Electronic address: mmeister@kumc.edu. 2. Center for Design and Analysis, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA. 3. Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. 4. Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. 5. Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. 6. Division of General Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. 7. Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Departments of Urology and Obstetrics/Gynecology, Loyola University, Loyola University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA. 8. Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. 9. Bernard Becker Medical Library, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. 10. Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. 11. Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. 12. Division of Urology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 13. School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common in children and adolescents. Non-invasive tests evaluating bladder function are generally preferred over invasive tests, yet few studies have explored the range of normative values for these tests in healthy, asymptomatic children. OBJECTIVE: To define normative reference ranges for non-invasive tests of bladder function in healthy, asymptomatic girls and adolescents. STUDY DESIGN: A comprehensive search strategy was performed in seven electronic databases through October 2019. English-language studies reporting data on voiding frequency, voided and postvoid residual volumes (PVR) and uroflowmetry results in healthy, asymptomatic girls (mean age ≥ 5 years) were included. Two independent reviewers performed study review, data extraction, and quality assessment. Overall mean estimates and 95% confidence intervals for each bladder function parameter were calculated using random effects models, and 95% normative reference values were estimated. RESULTS: Ten studies met eligibility criteria for the meta-analysis (n = 2143 girls, age range: 3-18). Mean estimates of maximum voided volume and PVR were 233.4 ml (95% CI 204.3-262.6; n = 1 study) and 8.6 ml (95% CI 4.8-12.4; n = 2 studies) respectively. Pooled mean estimates for uroflowmetry parameters were: 21.5 ml/s (95% CI 20.5-2.5) for maximum flow rate (n = 6 studies), 12.5 ml/s (95% CI 11.2-13.8) for mean flow rate (n = 6 studies), 6.8 s (95% CI 4.4-9.3) for time to maximum flow (n = 3 studies), 15.7 s (95% CI 13.0-18.5) for flow time (n = 3 studies), and 198.7 ml (95% CI 154.2-234.2) for voided volume (n = 9 studies). No studies reported estimates of voiding frequency. Between-study heterogeneity was high (89.0-99.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Although we were able to calculate pooled mean estimates for several parameters, the small number of included studies and the wide age ranges of participants preclude generalization of reference values to all healthy girls. Further research is needed to determine normative reference values within specific age groups.
BACKGROUND: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common in children and adolescents. Non-invasive tests evaluating bladder function are generally preferred over invasive tests, yet few studies have explored the range of normative values for these tests in healthy, asymptomatic children. OBJECTIVE: To define normative reference ranges for non-invasive tests of bladder function in healthy, asymptomatic girls and adolescents. STUDY DESIGN: A comprehensive search strategy was performed in seven electronic databases through October 2019. English-language studies reporting data on voiding frequency, voided and postvoid residual volumes (PVR) and uroflowmetry results in healthy, asymptomatic girls (mean age ≥ 5 years) were included. Two independent reviewers performed study review, data extraction, and quality assessment. Overall mean estimates and 95% confidence intervals for each bladder function parameter were calculated using random effects models, and 95% normative reference values were estimated. RESULTS: Ten studies met eligibility criteria for the meta-analysis (n = 2143 girls, age range: 3-18). Mean estimates of maximum voided volume and PVR were 233.4 ml (95% CI 204.3-262.6; n = 1 study) and 8.6 ml (95% CI 4.8-12.4; n = 2 studies) respectively. Pooled mean estimates for uroflowmetry parameters were: 21.5 ml/s (95% CI 20.5-2.5) for maximum flow rate (n = 6 studies), 12.5 ml/s (95% CI 11.2-13.8) for mean flow rate (n = 6 studies), 6.8 s (95% CI 4.4-9.3) for time to maximum flow (n = 3 studies), 15.7 s (95% CI 13.0-18.5) for flow time (n = 3 studies), and 198.7 ml (95% CI 154.2-234.2) for voided volume (n = 9 studies). No studies reported estimates of voiding frequency. Between-study heterogeneity was high (89.0-99.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Although we were able to calculate pooled mean estimates for several parameters, the small number of included studies and the wide age ranges of participants preclude generalization of reference values to all healthy girls. Further research is needed to determine normative reference values within specific age groups.
Authors: Marique R Sorel; Hans J B Reitsma; Peter F W M Rosier; Ruud J L H R Bosch; Laetitia M O de Kort Journal: Neurourol Urodyn Date: 2016-06-27 Impact factor: 2.696
Authors: D F Stroup; J A Berlin; S C Morton; I Olkin; G D Williamson; D Rennie; D Moher; B J Becker; T A Sipe; S B Thacker Journal: JAMA Date: 2000-04-19 Impact factor: 56.272