Brad A Racette1, Gill Nelson2, Wendy W Dlamini3, Tamara Hershey4, Pradeep Prathibha5, Jay R Turner6, Harvey Checkoway7, Lianne Sheppard8, Susan Searles Nielsen9. 1. Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8111, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa. Electronic address: racetteb@wustl.edu. 2. School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa. Electronic address: gill.nelson@wits.ac.za. 3. Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8111, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. Electronic address: wendy.dlamini@wustl.edu. 4. Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8225, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. Electronic address: tammy@wustl.edu. 5. Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, Campus Box 1180, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA. Electronic address: pradeep.prathibha@wustl.edu. 6. Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, Campus Box 1180, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA. Electronic address: jrturner@wustl.edu. 7. Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, #0725, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. Electronic address: hcheckoway@ucsd.edu. 8. Departments of Biostatistics and Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, Box 357232, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. Electronic address: sheppard@uw.edu. 9. Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8111, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. Electronic address: snielsen@wustl.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the association between residential environmental manganese (Mn) exposure and depression and anxiety, given prior associations among occupationally-exposed workers. METHODS: We administered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) to 697 study participants in their preferred languages. These participants represented a population-based sample of residents aged ≥40 from two predominantly Black African communities in Gauteng province, South Africa: 605 in Meyerton, adjacent to a large Mn smelter, and 92 in Ethembalethu, a comparable non-exposed community. We investigated the associations between community (Meyerton vs. Ethembalethu) and severity of depression and anxiety, using linear regression, adjusting for age and sex. To document community-level differences in Mn exposure, we measured airborne PM2.5-Mn. RESULTS: Meyerton residents had BDI scores 5.63 points (95 % CI 3.07, 8.20) higher than Ethembalethu residents, with all questions contributing to this significant difference. STAI-state scores were marginally higher in Meyerton than Ethembalethu residents [2.12 (95 % CI -0.17, 4.41)], whereas STAI-trait scores were more similar between the communities [1.26 (95 % CI -0.82, 3.35)]. Mean PM2.5-Mn concentration was 203 ng/m3 at a long-term fixed site in Meyerton and 10 ng/m3 in Ethembalethu. CONCLUSION: Residence near Mn emission sources may be associated with greater depression symptomatology, and possibly current, but not lifetime, anxiety.
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the association between residential environmental manganese (Mn) exposure and depression and anxiety, given prior associations among occupationally-exposed workers. METHODS: We administered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) to 697 study participants in their preferred languages. These participants represented a population-based sample of residents aged ≥40 from two predominantly Black African communities in Gauteng province, South Africa: 605 in Meyerton, adjacent to a large Mn smelter, and 92 in Ethembalethu, a comparable non-exposed community. We investigated the associations between community (Meyerton vs. Ethembalethu) and severity of depression and anxiety, using linear regression, adjusting for age and sex. To document community-level differences in Mn exposure, we measured airborne PM2.5-Mn. RESULTS: Meyerton residents had BDI scores 5.63 points (95 % CI 3.07, 8.20) higher than Ethembalethu residents, with all questions contributing to this significant difference. STAI-state scores were marginally higher in Meyerton than Ethembalethu residents [2.12 (95 % CI -0.17, 4.41)], whereas STAI-trait scores were more similar between the communities [1.26 (95 % CI -0.82, 3.35)]. Mean PM2.5-Mn concentration was 203 ng/m3 at a long-term fixed site in Meyerton and 10 ng/m3 in Ethembalethu. CONCLUSION: Residence near Mn emission sources may be associated with greater depression symptomatology, and possibly current, but not lifetime, anxiety.
Authors: Teresa Moreno; Marco Pandolfi; Xavier Querol; Javier Lavín; Andrés Alastuey; Mar Viana; Wes Gibbons Journal: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Date: 2010-06-27 Impact factor: 4.223
Authors: Susan R Criswell; Susan Searles Nielsen; Mark Warden; Joel S Perlmutter; Stephen M Moerlein; Hubert P Flores; John Huang; Lianne Sheppard; Noah Seixas; Harvey Checkoway; Brad A Racette Journal: Neurotoxicology Date: 2017-07-08 Impact factor: 4.294
Authors: Stuart Batterman; Feng-Chiao Su; Chunrong Jia; Rajen N Naidoo; Thomas Robins; Inakshi Naik Journal: Sci Total Environ Date: 2011-01-05 Impact factor: 7.963
Authors: Dipesh Chaudhury; Jessica J Walsh; Allyson K Friedman; Barbara Juarez; Stacy M Ku; Ja Wook Koo; Deveroux Ferguson; Hsing-Chen Tsai; Lisa Pomeranz; Daniel J Christoffel; Alexander R Nectow; Mats Ekstrand; Ana Domingos; Michelle S Mazei-Robison; Ezekiell Mouzon; Mary Kay Lobo; Rachael L Neve; Jeffrey M Friedman; Scott J Russo; Karl Deisseroth; Eric J Nestler; Ming-Hu Han Journal: Nature Date: 2012-12-12 Impact factor: 49.962