| Literature DB >> 34076210 |
Bran Barral Buceta1, Ramón Bouzas Lorenzo1, Andrés Cernadas Ramos1, Ángela Fernández da Silva1.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the approach adopted by the health plans of the autonomous communities of Spain, verifying the weight given to the concept of equity; to detect referenced communities or situations, as well as to distinguish the perspective of approaching it, from access, equity or equalization.Entities:
Mesh:
Year: 2021 PMID: 34076210 PMCID: PMC8139844 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055002560
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Rev Saude Publica ISSN: 0034-8910 Impact factor: 2.106
List of categories and terms or lexemes applied and included in the coding.
| Category | Terms or lexemes used | |
|---|---|---|
| Base Categories | Equity | Equity, Equitable |
| Equality | Equality, Inequality | |
| Accessibility | Accessibility, Accessible, Access, Inaccessible, Inaccessibility | |
| Key Categories | Functional diversity | Functional diversity, Disability |
| Rural | Rural, Periphery, Small/remote population centers, Dispersed, Dispersion, Difficult to access, Distant | |
| Vulnerable social groups | Social group, Social groups, Groups at risk, Vulnerability, Vulnerabl | |
| Gender | Gender, Man | |
| Immigration | Immigration, Immigrant, Race, Ethnicity, Ethnic | |
| Older Adults | Older Adults | |
| Quality | Quality | |
| Mental | Mental | |
We selected words that begin in this way, so that they can be used to avoid gender or plurals. This is a practice specific to the Nvivo program and its search criteria, expressed in this way. These terms were reviewed case by case to observe their relevance, discarding those that did not have a meaning consistent with what was searched for. All the lexemes presented in the table were searched in their corresponding Spanish translation, since this is the original language of most of the plans (also in Catalan), and the table shows the lexemes or words in english for a better understanding of the methodology applied.
Figure 1Percentage of text coded according to the base categories over the total text included in the autonomous plans.
Mentions of base and key categories in the regional health plans by frequency of coding (out of total coded by category).
| Accessibility | Quality | Functional Diversity | Equity | Gender | Vunerable Social Groups | Equality | Immigration | Older Adults | Mental Illness | Rural | Avarage number of mentions over Total per CA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andalucia | 5.38% | 10.86% | 4.34% | 8.01% | 7.61% | 5% | 16.90% | 5.36% | 0.67% | 6.52% | 10.10% | 7.34% |
| Aragon | 3.27% | 1.33% | 0.91% | 4.14% | 0.74% | 3.50% | 7.99% | 5.85% | 4.67% | 2.10% | 8.75% | 3.93% |
| Balearic | 2.16% | 0.27% | 0.16% | 0.54% | 0% | 0% | 0.17% | 1.17% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0.41% |
| Canary | 6.13% | 6.63% | 0.99% | 10.14% | 0.34% | 3.88% | 5.24% | 1.17% | 0% | 2.05% | 3.52% | 3.64% |
| Cantabria | 16.56% | 3.71% | 18.85% | 11.04% | 3.69% | 8.13% | 5.52% | 10.62% | 5.71% | 52.70% | 5.44% | 12.91% |
| Castile-La Mancha | 2.78% | 0.80% | 3.28% | 0.81% | 0.11% | 0.48% | 1.25% | 0.39% | 0.67% | 0% | 3.47% | 1.28% |
| Castile and León | 6.93% | 2.12% | 7.18% | 7.51% | 2.61% | 1.67% | 7.10% | 4.42% | 0.46% | 6.52% | 9.74% | 5.11% |
| Catalonia | 5.99% | 42.71% | 1.53% | 3.68% | 58.55% | 19.82% | 2.65% | 0% | 59.18% | 2.09% | 0% | 17.84% |
| Valencian Community | 8.41% | 3.98% | 4.13% | 12.43% | 3.98% | 21.28% | 17.63% | 16.17% | 0.64% | 0% | 0% | 8.06% |
| Extremadura | 10.98% | 7.43% | 13.31% | 11.92% | 10.34% | 5.88% | 10.23% | 9.97% | 17.08% | 2.17% | 47.28% | 13.33% |
| Galicia | 1.61% | 1.06% | 0% | 1.17% | 0% | 0% | 0.18% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0.37% |
| La Rioja | 10.97% | 5.04% | 22.17% | 6.91% | 6.59% | 7.55% | 2.55% | 30.04% | 6.26% | 8.70% | 6.01% | 10.25% |
| Navarre | 6.42% | 3.45% | 9.32% | 3.86% | 0.68% | 7.27% | 6.08% | 7.60% | 0.96% | 2.11% | 3.11% | 4.62% |
| Basque Country | 6.39% | 8.22% | 1.94% | 14.58% | 4.03% | 7.65% | 13.86% | 0.81% | 2.03% | 1.98% | 0.62% | 5.65% |
| Principality of Asturias | 3.02% | 1.59% | 6.86% | 0% | 0.45% | 4.37% | 0.91% | 0.39% | 1.67% | 10.87% | 1.29% | 2.86% |
| Region of Murcia | 3% | 0.80% | 5.03% | 3.26% | 0.28% | 3.52% | 1.74% | 6.04% | 0% | 2.19% | 0.67% | 2.41% |
| Total category mentions | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Note: The colors are based on the intensity and direction of the coding; those closer to red denote a lower percentage of mentions; the greens are higher; and the yellow tones are more moderate. In this case, it represents the values in columns and therefore corresponds to the percentage of text segments that have been coded in each category according to the individual total of each one of them. As a result, it shows which communities emphasize in greater or lesser extent each theme.
In the columns that mention the number of pages of the plans, an indicator is created in the last column that shows the ratio of average coding per page of the plan, which allows relating the percentage of coding of each community with its number of pages: those that are greener indicate a higher proportion between pages and coding, and therefore that greater attention is given to equity; those closer to red show communities that give less attention.
Percentage of coding of the issues addressed by the KC (on total coded by autonomous health plans).
| Quality | Functional Diversity | Gender | Vunerable Social Groups | Immigration | Older Adults | Mental Illness | Rural | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andalucia | 2.62% | 47.76% | 8.55% | 16.54% | 10.48% | 1.45% | 0.21% | 12.41% | 100.00% |
| Aragon | 0.58% | 18.08% | 1.48% | 20.98% | 20.72% | 18.53% | 0.13% | 19.50% | 100.00% |
| Balearic | 1.47% | 43.16% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 55.37% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 100.00% |
| Canary | 4.88% | 33.77% | 1.19% | 39.58% | 7.12% | 0.00% | 0.13% | 13.32% | 100.00% |
| Cantabria | 0.30% | 73.85% | 1.48% | 9.57% | 7.41% | 4.45% | 0.54% | 2.39% | 100.00% |
| Castile-La Mancha | 0.43% | 81.14% | 0.30% | 3.58% | 1.71% | 3.28% | 0.00% | 9.56% | 100.00% |
| Castile and León | 0.48% | 71.93% | 2.69% | 5.04% | 7.87% | 0.91% | 0.19% | 10.89% | 100.00% |
| Catalonia | 3.55% | 5.83% | 22.77% | 22.77% | 0.00% | 45.07% | 0.02% | 0.00% | 100.00% |
| Valencian Community | 0.64% | 29.42% | 2.89% | 45.61% | 20.52% | 0.92% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 100.00% |
| Extremadura | 0.60% | 49.75% | 3.94% | 6.60% | 6.63% | 12.73% | 0.03% | 19.71% | 100.00% |
| Galicia | 100.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 100.00% |
| La Rioja | 0.34% | 68.18% | 2.07% | 7.00% | 16.45% | 3.83% | 0.06% | 2.07% | 100.00% |
| Navarre | 0.55% | 68.81% | 0.52% | 16.15% | 9.99% | 1.39% | 0.03% | 2.56% | 100.00% |
| Basque Country | 3.26% | 35.43% | 7.58% | 42.19% | 2.68% | 7.46% | 0.12% | 1.28% | 100.00% |
| Principality of Asturias | 0.39% | 77.62% | 0.53% | 14.93% | 0.78% | 3.79% | 0.33% | 1.63% | 100.00% |
| Region of Murcia | 0.23% | 69.01% | 0.41% | 14.51% | 14.74% | 0.00% | 0.09% | 1.02% | 100.00% |
| Average number of BC mentions per AC | 7.52% | 48.36% | 3.52% | 16.56% | 11.40% | 6.49% | 0.12% | 6.02% | 100.00% |
Note: For greater clarity about the content importance within each plan, the relative frequency of mention of each of the KC is detailed and the specific value of each of them is analyzed in relation to the others (excluding, as mentioned above, the BC). This highlights those topics or issues addressed to a greater or lesser extent by each community. The use of colors follows the previously applied pattern, but in this case responds to the numbers located in the lines, thus showing the relative importance of the KC in each of the plans individually and, therefore, in each community.
Figure 2Ranking of the AC according to the attention they give to the different AC in their plans.
Relación de categorías y de los términos o lexemas aplicados y englobados en la codificación.
| Categoría | Términos o lexemas empleados | |
|---|---|---|
| Categorías Base | Equidad | Equidad, Equitativo |
| Igualdad | Igualdad, Desigualdad | |
| Accesibilidad | Accesibilidad, Accesible, Acceso, Inaccesible, Inaccesibilidad | |
| Categorías Clave | Diversidad funcional | Diversidad funcional, Discapacitad |
| Rural | Rural, Periferia, Núcleos poblacionales pequeños/alejados, Dispersos, Dispersión, Difícil acceso, Alejad | |
| Grupos sociales vulnerables | Grupo social, Grupos sociales, Colectivos en situación de riesgo, Vulnerabilidad, Vulnerabl | |
| Género | Género, Hombre | |
| Inmigración | Inmigración, Inmigrante, Raza, Etnia, Étnic | |
| Personas Mayores | Mayor | |
| Calidad | Calidad | |
| Mental | Mental | |
Se han seleccionado aquellas palabras que empiezan de ese modo, de forma que se pueden usar para obviar el género o los plurales de las mismas. Se trata de una práctica propia del programa de Nvivo y de sus criterios de búsqueda, por ello se plasma de esa manera. Estos términos se han revisado caso a caso para observar la pertinencia de los mismos, descartando los que no tenían un significado coherente con lo buscado.
Figura 1Porcentaje de texto codificado según las categorías base sobre el total del texto recogido en los planes autonómicos.
Menciones a las categorías base y claves en los planes de salud autonómicos por frecuencia de codificación (sobre total codificado por categoría).
| Accesibilidad | Calidad | Diversidad funcional | Equidad | Género | Grupos Sociales Vulnerables | Igualdad | Inmigración | Personas Mayores | Enfermedades Mentales | Rural | Media de menciones sobre total por CC. AA. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andalucía | 5,38% | 10,86% | 4,34% | 8,01% | 7,61% | 5% | 16,90% | 5,36% | 0,67% | 6,52% | 10,10% | 7,34% |
| Aragón | 3,27% | 1,33% | 0,91% | 4,14% | 0,74% | 3,50% | 7,99% | 5,85% | 4,67% | 2,10% | 8,75% | 3,93% |
| Baleares | 2,16% | 0,27% | 0,16% | 0,54% | 0% | 0% | 0,17% | 1,17% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0,41% |
| Canarias | 6,13% | 6,63% | 0,99% | 10,14% | 0,34% | 3,88% | 5,24% | 1,17% | 0% | 2,05% | 3,52% | 3,64% |
| Cantabria | 16,56% | 3,71% | 18,85% | 11,04% | 3,69% | 8,13% | 5,52% | 10,62% | 5,71% | 52,70% | 5,44% | 12,91% |
| Castilla-La Mancha | 2,78% | 0,80% | 3,28% | 0,81% | 0,11% | 0,48% | 1,25% | 0,39% | 0,67% | 0% | 3,47% | 1,28% |
| Castilla y León | 6,93% | 2,12% | 7,18% | 7,51% | 2,61% | 1,67% | 7,10% | 4,42% | 0,46% | 6,52% | 9,74% | 5,11% |
| Cataluña | 5,99% | 42,71% | 1,53% | 3,68% | 58,55% | 19,82% | 2,65% | 0% | 59,18% | 2,09% | 0% | 17,84% |
| Comunidad Valenciana | 8,41% | 3,98% | 4,13% | 12,43% | 3,98% | 21,28% | 17,63% | 16,17% | 0,64% | 0% | 0% | 8,06% |
| Extremadura | 10,98% | 7,43% | 13,31% | 11,92% | 10,34% | 5,88% | 10,23% | 9,97% | 17,08% | 2,17% | 47,28% | 13,33% |
| Galicia | 1,61% | 1,06% | 0% | 1,17% | 0% | 0% | 0,18% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0,37% |
| La Rioja | 10,97% | 5,04% | 22,17% | 6,91% | 6,59% | 7,55% | 2,55% | 30,04% | 6,26% | 8,70% | 6,01% | 10,25% |
| Navarra | 6,42% | 3,45% | 9,32% | 3,86% | 0,68% | 7,27% | 6,08% | 7,60% | 0,96% | 2,11% | 3,11% | 4,62% |
| País Vasco | 6,39% | 8,22% | 1,94% | 14,58% | 4,03% | 7,65% | 13,86% | 0,81% | 2,03% | 1,98% | 0,62% | 5,65% |
| Principado de Asturias | 3,02% | 1,59% | 6,86% | 0% | 0,45% | 4,37% | 0,91% | 0,39% | 1,67% | 10,87% | 1,29% | 2,86% |
| Región de Murcia | 3% | 0,80% | 5,03% | 3,26% | 0,28% | 3,52% | 1,74% | 6,04% | 0% | 2,19% | 0,67% | 2,41% |
| Total Menciones a la categoría | 100,00% | 100,00% | 100,00% | 100,00% | 100,00% | 100,00% | 100,00% | 100,00% | 100,00% | 100,00% | 100,00% | 100,00% |
Nota: Los colores atienden a la intensidad y dirección de la codificación; aquellos más próximos al rojo denotan menor porcentaje de mención; los verdes mayor; y los tonos amarillos los más moderados. En este caso representa los valores en columna y responde, por lo tanto, al porcentaje de segmentos del texto que se han codificado en cada categoría según el total individual de cada una de ellas. Como resultado, se muestra qué comunidades enfatizan en mayor o menor medida cada tema.
En las columnas que se hace mención al número de páginas de los planes, se crea un indicador en la última columna que atiende al ratio de codificación media por página del plan, que permite relacionar el porcentaje de codificación de cada comunidad con su número de páginas: cuanto más verde mayor es el ratio entre páginas y codificación y, por ende, mayor la atención prestada a la equidad; y los más próximos al rojo figuran las comunidades que menor atención prestan.
Porcentaje de codificación de los issues abordados por las CC (sobre total codificado por planes de salud autonómicos).
| Calidad | Diversidad funcional | Género | Grupos Sociales Vulnerables | Inmigración | Personas Mayores | Enfermedades Mentales | Rural | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andalucía | 2,62% | 47,76% | 8,55% | 16,54% | 10,48% | 1,45% | 0,21% | 12,41% | 100,00% |
| Aragón | 0,58% | 18,08% | 1,48% | 20,98% | 20,72% | 18,53% | 0,13% | 19,50% | 100,00% |
| Baleares | 1,47% | 43,16% | 0,00% | 0,00% | 55,37% | 0,00% | 0,00% | 0,00% | 100,00% |
| Canarias | 4,88% | 33,77% | 1,19% | 39,58% | 7,12% | 0,00% | 0,13% | 13,32% | 100,00% |
| Cantabria | 0,30% | 73,85% | 1,48% | 9,57% | 7,41% | 4,45% | 0,54% | 2,39% | 100,00% |
| Castilla- La Mancha | 0,43% | 81,14% | 0,30% | 3,58% | 1,71% | 3,28% | 0,00% | 9,56% | 100,00% |
| Castilla y León | 0,48% | 71,93% | 2,69% | 5,04% | 7,87% | 0,91% | 0,19% | 10,89% | 100,00% |
| Cataluña | 3,55% | 5,83% | 22,77% | 22,77% | 0,00% | 45,07% | 0,02% | 0,00% | 100,00% |
| Comunidad Valenciana | 0,64% | 29,42% | 2,89% | 45,61% | 20,52% | 0,92% | 0,00% | 0,00% | 100,00% |
| Extremadura | 0,60% | 49,75% | 3,94% | 6,60% | 6,63% | 12,73% | 0,03% | 19,71% | 100,00% |
| Galicia | 100,00% | 0,00% | 0,00% | 0,00% | 0,00% | 0,00% | 0,00% | 0,00% | 100,00% |
| La Rioja | 0,34% | 68,18% | 2,07% | 7,00% | 16,45% | 3,83% | 0,06% | 2,07% | 100,00% |
| Navarra | 0,55% | 68,81% | 0,52% | 16,15% | 9,99% | 1,39% | 0,03% | 2,56% | 100,00% |
| País Vasco | 3,26% | 35,43% | 7,58% | 42,19% | 2,68% | 7,46% | 0,12% | 1,28% | 100,00% |
| Principado de Asturias | 0,39% | 77,62% | 0,53% | 14,93% | 0,78% | 3,79% | 0,33% | 1,63% | 100,00% |
| Región de Murcia | 0,23% | 69,01% | 0,41% | 14,51% | 14,74% | 0,00% | 0,09% | 1,02% | 100,00% |
| Media de mención a las CB por CC. AA. | 7,52% | 48,36% | 3,52% | 16,56% | 11,40% | 6,49% | 0,12% | 6,02% | 100,00% |
Nota: Para una mayor claridad del peso de los contenidos dentro de cada plan, se pormenoriza en la frecuencia de mención relativa de cada una de las CC y se analiza el peso específico de cada una de ellas sobre las restantes (excluyendo, como se ha comentado, las CB). Así se destacan aquellos temas o issues abordados en mayor o menor medida por cada comunidad. El uso de colores sigue el patrón anteriormente aplicado, pero en este caso responde a las cifras ubicadas en las filas, por lo que muestra la importancia relativa de la CC en cada uno de los planes de forma individualizada y, por ende, en cada comunidad.
Figura 2Ranking de las CCAA según la atención que prestan a las distintas CC en sus planes.