João Botelho1,2, Vanessa Machado1,2, Yago Leira3,4,5,6, Luís Proença2,7, Leandro Chambrone2,8,9, José João Mendes1,2. 1. Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Almada, Portugal. 2. Evidenced-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Almada, Portugal. 3. Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute and NIHR UCLH Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London, UK. 4. Periodontology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. 5. Medical-Surgical Dentistry (OMEQUI) Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain. 6. Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain. 7. Quantitative Methods for Health Research (MQIS), CiiEM, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Almada, Portugal. 8. Graduate Dentistry Program, School of Dentistry, Ibirapuera University, São Paulo, Brazil. 9. Unit of Basic Oral Investigation (UIBO), Universidad El Bosque, Bogota, Colombia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to estimate the direct and indirect economic burdens of periodontal disease in the US and in Europe. METHODS: We used the most recent data available for the US and for Europe (32 European countries) to estimate the cost of periodontal disease. Global health, dental and periodontal expenditures were estimated. We tried to estimate the direct and the indirect costs of periodontitis. Indirect costs, those related to productivity losses, are a consequence of periodontal disease proper, plus edentulism and caries because of periodontal disease. RESULTS: In 2018, the aggregate cost in the US was estimated at $3.49B and €2.52B in Europe. Indirect costs because of periodontal disease amounted to $150.57B (95% confidence interval [CI]: 103.32-189.87) in the US countries and €156.12B (95% CI: 123.72-221.86) in Europe. The majority of the projected indirect costs were because of edentulism related to periodontal disease and periodontal disease. Indirect costs were the majority of the estimated economic impact with an average of 0.73% (95% CI: 0.50%-0.93%) of annual gross domestic product in the US and 0.99% (95% CI: 0.78%-1.40%) in Europe. CONCLUSIONS: Periodontal disease caused an estimated loss of $154.06B in the US and €158.64B in Europe, in 2018. These results show that the economic burden of periodontal disease is significant and its indirect costs are impactful.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to estimate the direct and indirect economic burdens of periodontal disease in the US and in Europe. METHODS: We used the most recent data available for the US and for Europe (32 European countries) to estimate the cost of periodontal disease. Global health, dental and periodontal expenditures were estimated. We tried to estimate the direct and the indirect costs of periodontitis. Indirect costs, those related to productivity losses, are a consequence of periodontal disease proper, plus edentulism and caries because of periodontal disease. RESULTS: In 2018, the aggregate cost in the US was estimated at $3.49B and €2.52B in Europe. Indirect costs because of periodontal disease amounted to $150.57B (95% confidence interval [CI]: 103.32-189.87) in the US countries and €156.12B (95% CI: 123.72-221.86) in Europe. The majority of the projected indirect costs were because of edentulism related to periodontal disease and periodontal disease. Indirect costs were the majority of the estimated economic impact with an average of 0.73% (95% CI: 0.50%-0.93%) of annual gross domestic product in the US and 0.99% (95% CI: 0.78%-1.40%) in Europe. CONCLUSIONS: Periodontal disease caused an estimated loss of $154.06B in the US and €158.64B in Europe, in 2018. These results show that the economic burden of periodontal disease is significant and its indirect costs are impactful.
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