Imaging in Orthodontics.

Imaging in orthodontics has evolved from cephalometric and extraoral films, manual cephalometric tracings, to digital imaging and intraoral scanners. Software-assisted cephalometric tracings and three-dimensional image analysis have become routine in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Determination of biologic boundaries of orthodontic treatment and evaluation of temporomandibular joints and airway became part of orthodontic assessment. Use of advanced imaging and software to digitally plan the orthognathic surgery and accurately predict a successful outcome are now integral to orthodontic practice. This article discusses radiographic methods used in cephalometric analysis and craniofacial growth and development for a predictable orthodontic assessment and treatment planning.