Sabrina Kraus1, Alexander Dierks2,3, Leo Rasche1, Olivia Kertels4, Malte Kircher2,3, Andreas Schirbel2, Josip Zovko1, Torsten Steinbrunn1, Raoul Tibes1,5, Hans-Jürgen Wester6, Andreas K Buck2, Hermann Einsele1, K Martin Kortüm1, Andreas Rosenwald7, Constantin Lapa8,3. 1. Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. 2. Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. 3. Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany. 4. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. 5. Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. 6. Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; and. 7. Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. 8. Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; constantin.lapa@uk-augsburg.de.
Abstract
C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is an attractive target for cancer diagnosis and treatment, as it is overexpressed in many solid and hematologic malignancies. This study investigated the feasibility of CXCR4-directed imaging with PET/CT using 68Ga-pentixafor to visualize and quantify disease involvement in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Methods: Twelve patients with MPNs (4 with primary myelofibrosis, 6 with essential thrombocythemia, and 2 with polycythemia vera) and 5 controls underwent 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT. Imaging findings were compared with immunohistochemical stainings, laboratory data, and splenic volume. Results: 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT was visually positive in 12 of 12 patients, and CXCR4 target specificity could be confirmed by immunohistochemical staining. A significantly higher tracer uptake could be detected in the bone marrow of MPN patients (SUVmean, 6.45 ± 2.34 vs. 4.44 ± 1.24). Dynamic changes in CXCR4 expression determined by 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT corresponded with treatment response. Conclusion: 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT represents a novel diagnostic tool to noninvasively detect and quantify the extent of disease involvement in MPNs.
C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is an attractive target for cancer diagnosis and treatment, as it is overexpressed in many solid and hematologic malignancies. This study investigated the feasibility of CXCR4-directed imaging with PET/CT using 68Ga-pentixafor to visualize and quantify disease involvement in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Methods: Twelve patients with MPNs (4 with primary myelofibrosis, 6 with essential thrombocythemia, and 2 with polycythemia vera) and 5 controls underwent 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT. Imaging findings were compared with immunohistochemical stainings, laboratory data, and splenic volume. Results: 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT was visually positive in 12 of 12 patients, and CXCR4 target specificity could be confirmed by immunohistochemical staining. A significantly higher tracer uptake could be detected in the bone marrow of MPN patients (SUVmean, 6.45 ± 2.34 vs. 4.44 ± 1.24). Dynamic changes in CXCR4 expression determined by 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT corresponded with treatment response. Conclusion: 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT represents a novel diagnostic tool to noninvasively detect and quantify the extent of disease involvement in MPNs.
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