Phillip R Bennett1,2,3, Maria Kyrgiou4,5, Olivia Raglan1,2, David A MacIntyre1,3, Anita Mitra1,2, Yun S Lee1,3, Ann Smith6, Nada Assi7, Jaya Nautiyal1, Sanjay Purkayastha1,8, Marc J Gunter7, Hani Gabra1, Julian R Marchesi3,9. 1. IRDB, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction - Surgery and Cancer, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, W12 0NN, London, UK. 2. Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea-Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College NHS Trust, W12 OHS, London, UK. 3. March of Dimes European Prematurity Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK. 4. IRDB, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction - Surgery and Cancer, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, W12 0NN, London, UK. m.kyrgiou@imperial.ac.uk. 5. Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea-Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College NHS Trust, W12 OHS, London, UK. m.kyrgiou@imperial.ac.uk. 6. Division of Population Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, UK. 7. Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, Lyon, France. 8. St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College NHS Trust, W2 1NY, London, UK. 9. Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Disease, St. Mary's Hospital, Imperial College London, South Wharf Road, London, W2 1NY, UK.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Obesity and vaginal microbiome (VMB) dysbiosis are each risk factors for adverse reproductive and oncological health outcomes in women. Here, we investigated the relationship between obesity, vaginal bacterial composition, local inflammation and bariatric surgery. METHODS: Vaginal bacterial composition assessed by high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and local cytokine levels measured using a multiplexed Magnetic Luminex Screening Assay were compared between 67 obese and 42 non-obese women. We further assessed temporal changes in the microbiota and cytokines in a subset of 27 women who underwent bariatric surgery. RESULTS: The bacterial component of the vaginal microbiota in obese women was characterised by a lower prevalence of a Lactobacillus-dominant VMB and higher prevalence of a high diversity (Lactobacillus spp., and Gardnerella- spp. depleted) VMB, compared with non-obese subjects (p<0.001). Obese women had higher relative abundance of Dialister species (p<0.001), Anaerococcus vaginalis (p=0.021), and Prevotella timonensis (p=0.020) and decreased relative abundance of Lactobacillus crispatus (p=0.014). Local vaginal IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IFNγ, MIP-1α and TNFα levels were all higher among obese women, however, only IL-1β and IL-8 correlated with VMB species diversity. In a subset of obese women undergoing bariatric surgery, there were no significant overall differences in VMB following surgery; however, 75% of these women remained obese at 6 months. Prior to surgery, there was no relationship between body mass index (BMI) and VMB structure; however, post-surgery women with a Lactobacillus-dominant VMB had a significantly lower BMI than those with a high diversity VMB. CONCLUSIONS: Obese women have a significantly different vaginal microbiota composition with increased levels of local inflammation compared to non-obese women. Bariatric surgery does not change the VMB; however, those with the greatest weight loss 6-month post-surgery are most likely to have a Lactobacillus-dominant VMB. Video abstract.
BACKGROUND:Obesity and vaginal microbiome (VMB) dysbiosis are each risk factors for adverse reproductive and oncological health outcomes in women. Here, we investigated the relationship between obesity, vaginal bacterial composition, local inflammation and bariatric surgery. METHODS: Vaginal bacterial composition assessed by high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and local cytokine levels measured using a multiplexed Magnetic Luminex Screening Assay were compared between 67 obese and 42 non-obesewomen. We further assessed temporal changes in the microbiota and cytokines in a subset of 27 women who underwent bariatric surgery. RESULTS: The bacterial component of the vaginal microbiota in obesewomen was characterised by a lower prevalence of a Lactobacillus-dominant VMB and higher prevalence of a high diversity (Lactobacillus spp., and Gardnerella- spp. depleted) VMB, compared with non-obese subjects (p<0.001). Obesewomen had higher relative abundance of Dialister species (p<0.001), Anaerococcus vaginalis (p=0.021), and Prevotella timonensis (p=0.020) and decreased relative abundance of Lactobacillus crispatus (p=0.014). Local vaginal IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IFNγ, MIP-1α and TNFα levels were all higher among obesewomen, however, only IL-1β and IL-8 correlated with VMB species diversity. In a subset of obesewomen undergoing bariatric surgery, there were no significant overall differences in VMB following surgery; however, 75% of these women remained obese at 6 months. Prior to surgery, there was no relationship between body mass index (BMI) and VMB structure; however, post-surgery women with a Lactobacillus-dominant VMB had a significantly lower BMI than those with a high diversity VMB. CONCLUSIONS:Obesewomen have a significantly different vaginal microbiota composition with increased levels of local inflammation compared to non-obesewomen. Bariatric surgery does not change the VMB; however, those with the greatest weight loss 6-month post-surgery are most likely to have a Lactobacillus-dominant VMB. Video abstract.
Entities:
Keywords:
BMI; Bariatric surgery; Body mass index; Obesity; Overweight; Vaginal microbiota
Authors: J W Rich-Edwards; M B Goldman; W C Willett; D J Hunter; M J Stampfer; G A Colditz; J E Manson Journal: Am J Obstet Gynecol Date: 1994-07 Impact factor: 8.661
Authors: Natalie G Allen; Laahirie Edupuganti; David J Edwards; Nicole R Jimenez; Gregory A Buck; Kimberly K Jefferson; Jerome F Strauss; Edmond P Wickham; Jennifer M Fettweis Journal: Obesity (Silver Spring) Date: 2021-11-21 Impact factor: 9.298